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Embedded Ethics in Practice: A Toolbox for Integrating the Analysis of Ethical and Social Issues into Healthcare AI Research.
Sci Eng Ethics
December 2024
Institute of History and Ethics in Medicine, Department of Preclinical Medicine, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
Integrating artificial intelligence (AI) into critical domains such as healthcare holds immense promise. Nevertheless, significant challenges must be addressed to avoid harm, promote the well-being of individuals and societies, and ensure ethically sound and socially just technology development. Innovative approaches like Embedded Ethics, which refers to integrating ethics and social science into technology development based on interdisciplinary collaboration, are emerging to address issues of bias, transparency, misrepresentation, and more.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDysregulation of GAS5-miRNA-Mediated Signaling Pathways in Cancer Pathobiology: A Comprehensive Exploration of Pathways Influenced by this Axis.
Biochem Genet
December 2024
College of Pharmacy, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq.
The long non-coding RNA Growth Arrest-Specific 5 (GAS5) is pivotal in modulating key signaling pathways by functioning as a molecular sponge for microRNAs (miRNAs). GAS5 is notably recognized for its antitumor properties, primarily through its ability to sequester oncogenic miRNAs, thereby influencing critical pathways such as p53, Wnt/β-catenin, and PI3K/Akt, all of which are integral to cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis. The disruption of GAS5-miRNA interactions has been implicated in various malignancies, reinforcing its potential as both a biomarker and a therapeutic target.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMRI in the evaluation of plantar plate disease: diagnostic value of the "stress test".
J Orthop Traumatol
December 2024
Sapienza Universitiy, Rome, Italy.
Introduction: The plantar plate, also called the plantar ligament, is a fibrocartilaginous structure found in the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) and interphalangeal (IP) joints. Our study aimed to evaluate the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed with the patient in the standard position or with joint hyperextension (the "stress test", ST) in the study of plantar plate (PP) disease that involves metatarsophalangeal joints.
Materials And Methods: All patients underwent forefoot MRI (Atroscan C, Esaote, Genoa, Italy), operating at 0.
Activated kynurenine pathway metabolism by YKL-40 establishes an inhibitory immune microenvironment and drives glioblastoma development.
Cell Mol Life Sci
December 2024
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
Background: Glioblastoma (GB) is the stage IV of glioma and mesenchymal GB represents the most common and malignant subtype characterized with elevated expression of a mesenchymal marker YKL-40 and resistance to immune drug therapy. Here, we determined if YKL-40 regulates kynurenine (Kyn) pathway (KP) metabolism that contributes to establishing an immune suppressive microenvironment in GB.
Methods: Tumor cells expressing YKL-40 from GB patients were isolated and activated cellular metabolisms were identified via gene microarray analysis.
Assessment of normal portal vein diameter in children and adolescents on abdominal contrast-enhanced CT.
Abdom Radiol (NY)
December 2024
Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.
Purpose: To establish the normal ranges of the main portal vein (MPV), left portal vein (LPV), and right portal vein (RPV) diameters in children and adolescents using abdominal contrast-enhanced CT.
Methods: We retrospectively enrolled children and adolescents (under 19 years) who underwent abdominal contrast-enhanced CT examinations in our hospital between January 2018 and January 2024. Subjects with conditions potentially affecting the portal vein diameter were excluded.
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