The management of cystic diseases of the liver requires an understanding of their pathophysiology and natural history. Surgery for congenital solitary cysts and polycystic disease should be reserved for patients with significant symptoms. Caroli's disease requires careful preoperative evaluation and planning and long-term follow-up. Surgery for echinococcal liver cysts should be performed before complications of rupture and superinfection develop.
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Hydatid cysts, caused by the parasite, predominantly affect the liver and lungs, but can also impact other organs such as the kidneys, brain, and muscles. Infection occurs when individuals ingest eggs from contaminated food or water, leading to cyst formation primarily in the liver. While hydatid cysts are commonly found in various endemic regions, muscular involvement is rare, particularly in the psoas muscle.
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