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Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors in Aging and Aging-Related Diseases: Clinical Applications and Relevant Mechanisms.
Aging Dis
January 2025
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Biotherapy, Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolism Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Aging is a complex and universal process marked by gradual functional declines at the cellular and tissue levels, often leading to a range of aging-related diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Delaying the aging process can help prevent, slow down, and alleviate the severity of these various conditions, enhancing overall health and well-being. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) are a class of widely used antidiabetic drugs that inhibit alpha-glucosidase in the small intestinal mucosa, delaying carbohydrate absorption and reducing postprandial hyperglycemia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInhibition of leukotrienes and their potential role in type 1 diabetes pathogenesis: implications for montelukast as a therapeutic agent: a case report.
Front Clin Diabetes Healthc
December 2024
Department of Medicine, NU Hospital Group, Trollhättan and Uddevalla, Sweden.
Introduction: Type 1 diabetes involves immune-mediated destruction of insulin-producing beta cells, with eosinophils potentially playing a significant role. Recent studies suggest that leukotriene inhibition might influence this process. This case report presents a novel observation of montelukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist, reducing insulin requirements in a patient with Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEfficacy and safety of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus flavonoid Tablets vs. domperidone for functional dyspepsia: a multicenter, double-blind, double-dummy, randomized controlled phase III trial.
Acta Gastroenterol Belg
January 2025
Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Second Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
Article Synopsis
- A study examined the effectiveness and safety of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus flavonoid (AFIF) tablets compared to domperidone for treating functional dyspepsia (FD).
- After 4 weeks of treatment, both AFIF and domperidone showed similar rates of symptom relief, but AFIF had a significantly higher rate of symptom disappearance 4 weeks after stopping treatment.
- The AFIF group also experienced fewer adverse events, suggesting a better safety profile compared to domperidone.
Predictive models of post-prandial glucose response in persons with prediabetes and early onset type 2 diabetes: A pilot study.
Diabetes Obes Metab
January 2025
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes Research Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how personalized dietary approaches using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) can effectively manage post-prandial glucose response (PPGR) in older adults with prediabetes or early type 2 diabetes.
- Data collected over two weeks indicated that measures like the mean amplitude of glucose excursions (MAGE) and fasting glucose levels were strong predictors of glucose response during meals and oral glucose tolerance tests.
- The findings suggest CGM-based strategies could enhance personalized nutrition and medical interventions for better controlling glucose levels in this demographic.
Gut-derived appetite regulating hormones across the anorexia nervosa spectrum.
Psychoneuroendocrinology
December 2024
Neuroendocrine Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Multidisciplinary Eating Disorders Research Collaborative, Mass General Brigham, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA. Electronic address:
Background: Appetite-regulating hormones are implicated in anorexia nervosa (AN) pathophysiology, however, data are limited for appetite-regulating hormones across the AN weight spectrum. We aimed to investigate fasting and post-prandial concentrations of appetite-regulating hormones - peptide YY (PYY), cholecystokinin (CCK), and ghrelin - among adolescent and young adult females across the AN weight spectrum, specifically those with AN and Atypical AN, and healthy controls (HC).
Methods: Participants (N = 95; ages 11-22 years) included 33 with AN, 25 with Atypical AN, and 37 HC.
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