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CRISPR-Cas12a bends DNA to destabilize base pairs during target interrogation.
bioRxiv
July 2024
Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley; Berkeley, CA, USA.
RNA-guided endonucleases are involved in processes ranging from adaptive immunity to site-specific transposition and have revolutionized genome editing. CRISPR-Cas9, -Cas12 and related proteins use guide RNAs to recognize ~20-nucleotide target sites within genomic DNA by mechanisms that are not yet fully understood. We used structural and biochemical methods to assess early steps in DNA recognition by Cas12a protein-guide RNA complexes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe BisI family of restriction endonucleases is unique in requiring multiple methylated or hydroxymethylated cytosine residues within a short recognition sequence (GCNGC), and in cleaving directly within this sequence, rather than at a distance. Here, we report that the number of modified cytosines that are required for cleavage can be tuned by the salt concentration. We present crystal structures of two members of the BisI family, NhoI and Eco15I_Ntd (N-terminal domain of Eco15I), in the absence of DNA and in specific complexes with tetra-methylated GCNGC target DNA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFlipping the script: A multiyear assessment and comparison of flipped classroom versus traditional didactic teaching at two academic institutions.
Curr Probl Diagn Radiol
July 2024
Department of Radiology, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195, United States. Electronic address:
Rationale And Objectives: Historically radiology resident education has taken the form of workstation and didactic teaching. Due to increasing clinical demand and administrative burden for academic radiologists, the need for more efficient and effective teaching has increased. Flipped classroom teaching, where trainees independently learn material prior to interactive teaching sessions with faculty, is a possible alternative.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReducing Tracheostomy-Related Acquired Pressure Injury by Flipping the Ventilator Circuit Position Study.
Crit Care Explor
June 2024
Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.
Article Synopsis
- Tracheostomy-related acquired pressure injuries (TRPIs) are common hospital-acquired conditions, and the study investigates whether daily switching of ventilator circuit load can reduce these injuries post-tracheostomy.
- Conducted at Emory University, the quality improvement study involved 99 patients and compared results between those receiving the FLIC protocol and standard care, revealing a significant decrease in TRPI rates among the intervention group.
- The findings suggest that implementing the FLIC protocol alongside standard care can lead to lower incidence rates of TRPIs, emphasizing the need for better management practices after tracheostomy procedures.
Flipping the Classroom in Residency Didactics Leads to Higher American Board of Surgery in-Training Examination Scores.
J Surg Educ
June 2024
Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455.
Objective: Didactic education in General Surgery (GS) residency typically follows a nationally standardized curriculum; however, instructional format varies by institution. In recent years, GS residents at our institution expressed discontentment with weekly didactics and were not meeting their goals on the American Board of Surgery In-Training Examination (ABSITE). We sought to develop improvements in our didactic curriculum to increase resident satisfaction and ABSITE scores of GS junior residents (Jrs).
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