The immune chromatographic test-systems were developed to detect psychoactive substances of six classes: opiates, amphetamines, cannabinoids, ecstasy, benzodiasepines, methadone. for the first time the simple techniques of preparation of samples were developed to fast detect the mentioned substances in such biological and non-biological objects as sweat fatty discharges, hair, urine, surface lavages, parts of plants, unknown substances. The presented techniques of preparation and analysis of samples require no special equipment and reagents. They can be applied in the "field" or domestic conditions by laymen for preliminary screening of psychoactive substances.
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Toxicol Res (Camb)
February 2025
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
Synthetic cathinones (SCs), a group of new psychoactive substances (NPS), are designer molecules with hallucinogenic and psychostimulatory effects. Although the structural similarities of SCs to amphetamines suggest that they may have similar toxicity profiles to those of amphetamine congeners, little is known about SCs from a toxicological point of view. In the present study, the toxicity profiles of commonly encountered SCs ( = 65), listed in the 2020 Report of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), were evaluated using in silico methods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRev Med Suisse
January 2025
Unité des dépendances, Service de médecine de premier recours, Hôpitaux universitaires de Genève, 1211 Genève 14.
The use of psychoactive substances affects more men than women, with a prevalence that is 1.3 to 2 times higher, except for the use of sedatives. Men are also more affected by accidents, injuries, and acts of violence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
December 2024
Zebrafish Research Unit, Mahatma Gandhi Medical Advanced Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed-to-be-University), Pondicherry, IND.
Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are increasingly challenged by the rising burden of medicolegal cases. Traditional forensic infrastructure and in vivo rodent models often have significant limitations due to high costs and ethical concerns. As a result, zebrafish () are gaining popularity as an attractive alternative model for LMICs because of their cost-effectiveness and practical advantages.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSe Pu
February 2025
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
To evade legal controls, new psychoactive substances (NPS), which have been designed as substitutes for traditional and synthetic drugs, are gradually dominating the drug market. Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs), which account for the majority of NPS, are rapidly being derivatized; consequently, controlling increasing abuse by merely listing individual compounds is difficult. Therefore, China has included the entire SC category of SCs listed as legal controlled substances since July 1, 2021.
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