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Bridging Cytoarchitectonics and Connectomics in Human Cerebral Cortex. | LitMetric

Bridging Cytoarchitectonics and Connectomics in Human Cerebral Cortex.

J Neurosci

Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Published: October 2015

AI Article Synopsis

  • The human cortex has a complex structure known as cytoarchitectonics, which varies significantly and affects how information is processed in the brain, particularly in multimodal areas where this complexity is more pronounced.
  • Research has indicated that the macroscale connectivity—essentially how different brain regions are wired together—also plays a critical role in neural functioning.
  • This study combines historical data on the cellular structure of the cortex with modern imaging techniques to show a significant link between the size of specific neurons in the cortex and the overall connectivity of the brain, highlighting the relationship between micro-level (cellular) and macro-level (connective) organization.

Article Abstract

Unlabelled: The rich variation in cytoarchitectonics of the human cortex is well known to play an important role in the differentiation of cortical information processing, with functional multimodal areas noted to display more branched, more spinous, and an overall more complex cytoarchitecture. In parallel, connectome studies have suggested that also the macroscale wiring profile of brain areas may have an important contribution in shaping neural processes; for example, multimodal areas have been noted to display an elaborate macroscale connectivity profile. However, how these two scales of brain connectivity are related-and perhaps interact-remains poorly understood. In this communication, we combined data from the detailed mappings of early twentieth century cytoarchitectonic pioneers Von Economo and Koskinas (1925) on the microscale cellular structure of the human cortex with data on macroscale connectome wiring as derived from high-resolution diffusion imaging data from the Human Connectome Project. In a cross-scale examination, we show evidence of a significant association between cytoarchitectonic features of human cortical organization-in particular the size of layer 3 neurons-and whole-brain corticocortical connectivity. Our findings suggest that aspects of microscale cytoarchitectonics and macroscale connectomics are related.

Significance Statement: One of the most widely known and perhaps most fundamental properties of the human cortex is its rich variation in cytoarchitectonics. At the same time, neuroimaging studies have also revealed cortical areas to vary in their level of macroscale connectivity. Here, we provide evidence that aspects of local cytoarchitecture are associated with aspects of global macroscale connectivity, providing insight into the question of how the scales of micro-organization and macro-organization of the human cortex are related.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6608182PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2630-15.2015DOI Listing

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