Single injections of the benzodiazepine, triazolam, induce phase shifts and cause a lengthening of the circadian activity rhythm in the golden hamster. The effect of triazolam on period depends on the phase of injection, but is not dependent on the direction of the phase shifts. Triazolam injections caused increases in period that were associated with phase advances as well as phase delays in the activity rhythm. This relationship between triazolam-induced phase shifts and changes in period is different from the relationship between light-induced phase shifts and period changes.
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Curr Opin Organ Transplant
January 2025
Division of Nephrology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
Purpose Of The Review: Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) are central to immunosuppression in kidney transplantation (KT), improving short-term outcomes but falling short in enhancing long-term outcomes due to cardiovascular, metabolic, and renal complications. Belatacept, an FDA-approved costimulation blocker, offers a less toxic alternative to CNIs but is limited by its intravenous administration and reduced efficacy in high-immunological-risk patients.
Recent Findings: Emerging therapies target more specific pathways to improve efficacy and accessibility.
Npj Spintron
January 2025
Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany.
The interplay of electronic charge, spin, and orbital currents, coherently driven by picosecond long oscillations of light fields in spin-orbit coupled systems, is the foundation of emerging terahertz lightwave spintronics and orbitronics. The essential rules for how terahertz fields interact with these systems in a nonlinear way are still not understood. In this work, we demonstrate a universally applicable electronic nonlinearity originating from spin-orbit interactions in conducting materials, wherein the interplay of light-induced spin and orbital textures manifests.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Microbiol
January 2025
College of Tourism and Management Engineering, Jishou University, Zhangjiajie, China.
Endophytes typically coexist with plants in symbiosis and transition into the saprobic system as plant tissues senesce, participating in the decomposition process of litter. However, the dynamic changes of endophytic communities during this process and their role in litter decomposition remain unclear. This study tracked the microbial composition across the transition from live leaves to litter in (L.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNutr J
January 2025
École de nutrition, Faculté des sciences de l'agriculture et de l'alimentation (FSAA), Université Laval, 2440, boulevard Hochelaga, Québec, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada.
Background: A better understanding of correlates of sugary drink consumption is essential to inform public health interventions. This study examined differences in perceived healthiness of sugary drinks and related social norms between countries, over time, and sociodemographic groups and associations with sugary drink intake.
Methods: This study used annual cross-sectional data from the International Food Policy Study from 2018 to 2021 in Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Mexico.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Sir Jules Thorn Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK.
The study of circadian rhythms has been critically dependent upon analysing mouse home cage activity, typically employing wheel running activity under different lighting conditions. Here we assess a novel method, the Digital Ventilated Cage (DVC, Tecniplast SpA, Italy), for circadian phenotyping. Based upon capacitive sensors mounted under black individually ventilated cages with inbuilt LED lighting, each cage becomes an independent light-controlled chamber.
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