AI Article Synopsis

  • Rice bran (RB) was found to completely prevent diarrhea caused by human rotavirus (HRV) in gnotobiotic pigs when combined with the probiotics Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) and Escherichia coli Nissle (EcN).
  • Daily RB supplementation significantly enhanced the growth of both probiotic strains and improved body weight gain in young pigs.
  • After exposure to HRV, RB-fed pigs exhibited better intestinal health, marked by lower mitotic index and increased levels of immune components compared to those not receiving RB.

Article Abstract

Previously, we showed that rice bran (RB) was able to reduce human rotavirus (HRV) diarrhea in gnotobiotic pigs. Here, we investigated its effect on the growth of diarrhea-reducing probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) and Escherichia coli Nissle (EcN), and the resulting effects on HRV diarrhea, gut epithelial health, permeability and innate immune responses during virulent HRV challenge. On 3, 5, and 7 days of age pigs were inoculated with 2 × 10(4) colony-forming-units LGG+EcN to initiate colonization. Daily RB supplementation (replacing 10% calorie intake) was started at 5 days of age and continued until euthanasia. A subset of pigs in each group was challenged orally with 10(5) focus-forming-units of virulent HRV at 33 days of age. RB completely prevented HRV diarrhea in LGG+EcN colonized pigs. RB significantly promoted the growth of both probiotic strains in the gut (~5 logs) and increased the body-weight-gain at 4-5 weeks of age compared to non-RB group. After HRV challenge, RB-fed pigs had significantly lower ileal mitotic index and villus width, and significantly increased intestinal IFN-γ and total IgA levels compared to non-RB group. Therefore, RB plus LGG+EcN colonization may represent a highly effective therapeutic approach against HRV and potentially a variety of other diarrhea-inducing enteric pathogens.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4602212PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep15004DOI Listing

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