Phys Rev Lett
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
Published: September 2015
We propose that impurities in a Bose-Einstein condensate which is coupled to a transversely laser-pumped multimode cavity form an experimentally accessible and analytically tractable model system for the study of impurities solvated in correlated liquids and the breakdown of linear-response theory [corrected]. As the strength of the coupling constant between the impurity and the Bose-Einstein condensate is increased, which is possible through Feshbach resonance methods, the impurity passes from a large to a small polaron state, and then to an impurity-soliton state. This last transition marks the breakdown of linear-response theory.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.135305 | DOI Listing |
Nat Commun
May 2024
Institut für Experimentalphysik und Zentrum für Quantenphysik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, Innsbruck, Austria.
Bose-Einstein condensates of ultracold atoms serve as low-entropy sources for a multitude of quantum-science applications, ranging from quantum simulation and quantum many-body physics to proof-of-principle experiments in quantum metrology and quantum computing. For stability reasons, in the majority of cases the energetically lowest-lying atomic spin state is used. Here, we report the Bose-Einstein condensation of caesium atoms in the Zeeman-excited m = 2 state, realizing a non-ground-state Bose-Einstein condensate with tunable interactions and tunable loss.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
April 2023
Université Paris-Saclay, Institut d'Optique Graduate School, CNRS, Laboratoire Charles Fabry, 91127, Palaiseau, France.
We measure the momentum density in a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) with dilute spin impurities after an expansion in the presence of interactions. We observe tails decaying as 1/k^{4} at large momentum k in the condensate and in the impurity cloud. These algebraic tails originate from the impurity-BEC interaction, but their amplitudes greatly exceed those expected from two-body contact interactions at equilibrium in the trap.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEntropy (Basel)
December 2022
Department of Physics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
Exploring the dynamics of a mobile impurity immersed in field excitations is challenging, as it requires to account for the entanglement between the impurity and the surrounding excitations. To this end, the impurity's effective mass has to be considered as finite, rather than infinite. Here, we theoretically investigate the interaction between a finite-mass impurity and a dissipative soliton representing nonlinear excitations in the polariton Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
May 2022
Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
Similar to an electron in a solid, an impurity in an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) is dressed by excitations from the medium, forming a polaron quasiparticle with modified properties. This impurity can also undergo chemical recombination with atoms from the BEC, a process resonantly enhanced when universal three-body Efimov bound states cross the continuum. To study the interplay between these phenomena, we use a Gaussian state variational method able to describe both Efimov physics and arbitrarily many excitations of the BEC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
October 2021
Institute for Theoretical Physics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
The challenge of understanding the dynamics of a mobile impurity in an interacting quantum many-body medium comes from the necessity of including entanglement between the impurity and excited states of the environment in a wide range of energy scales. In this Letter, we investigate the motion of a finite mass impurity injected into a three-dimensional quantum Bose fluid as it starts shedding Bogoliubov excitations. We uncover a transition in the dynamics as the impurity's velocity crosses a critical value that depends on the strength of the interaction between the impurity and bosons as well as the impurity's recoil energy.
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