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Seasons of smoke and fire: preparing health systems for improved performance before, during, and after wildfires.
Lancet Planet Health
August 2024
Disaster Medicine Fellowship, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Increased frequency, intensity, and duration of wildfires are intensifying exposure to direct and smoke-related hazards in many areas, leading to evacuation and smoke-related effects on health and health systems that can affect regions extending over thousands of kilometres. Effective preparation and response are currently hampered by inadequate training, continued siloing of disciplines, insufficient finance, and inadequate coordination between health systems and governance at municipal, regional, national, and international levels. This Review highlights the key health and health systems considerations before, during, and after wildfires, and outlines how a health system should respond to optimise population health outcomes now and into the future.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssociation of glycaemic index and glycaemic load with type 2 diabetes in the PURE study - Authors' reply.
Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol
August 2024
Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, and Hamilton Health sciences Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada.
Association of glycaemic index and glycaemic load with type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all-cause mortality - Authors' reply.
Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol
August 2024
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
Associations of the glycaemic index and the glycaemic load with risk of type 2 diabetes in 127 594 people from 20 countries (PURE): a prospective cohort study.
Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol
May 2024
Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Background: The association between the glycaemic index and the glycaemic load with type 2 diabetes incidence is controversial. We aimed to evaluate this association in an international cohort with diverse glycaemic index and glycaemic load diets.
Methods: The PURE study is a prospective cohort study of 127 594 adults aged 35-70 years from 20 high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries.
Association of glycaemic index and glycaemic load with type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis of mega cohorts of more than 100 000 participants.
Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol
February 2024
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Clinical Nutrition & Risk Factor Modification Centre, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Article Synopsis
- * Analyzed data from 48 studies across ten large cohorts, discovering significant associations between high GI food consumption and increased risks for several chronic diseases.
- * Found that higher GI foods increase the incidence of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes-related cancers, with statistical significance in their relative risk estimates.
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