What are the best surgical techniques for caesarean sections? A contemporary review.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the reported techniques used in caesarean sections in order to form a general perspective of the procedural options for this frequently performed operation. The PubMed database and Cochrane Reviews were searched separately with the key words 'caesarean', 'abdominal entry', 'abdominal incision', 'uterine repair', 'peritoneal repair', 'closure of abdominal incision', 'suture materials', 'extraction of the placenta' and 'review'. Reviews, meta-analyses and prospective randomised trials were included in this review. In conclusion, although caesarean delivery is a very common operation, standardised and globally accepted techniques for caesarean section have not been described. The best surgical techniques for this operation are still unknown. Although the long-term follow-up results from two large, prospective, randomised studies are pending, further research is needed to establish an evidence-based, standardised approach for caesarean sections.