Enophthalmos, hypophthalmos, and diplopia are complications of orbital injury. This article reviews the causes of these sequelae, describes a method of strategic implantation of bone grafts to the orbit (and malar bone), and reports the long-term (six months to eight years) results in 38 cases. As a result of bone grafting, all but two patients had a correction of the enophthalmos to within 1 to 2 mm of the opposite eye. Of the 20 patients with diplopia, 15 had correction, and an additional four had an improvement of diplopia so it occurred in only one field of gaze. Of the 22 patients with grafts to the malar bone, 16 were thought to have good to excellent results; however, six developed some degree of reabsorption at the graft site. No patients had any decrease in vision. The advantages and disadvantages of the surgical procedure are described and compared with other methods.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archotol.1989.01860260043012 | DOI Listing |
J Oral Maxillofac Surg
December 2024
Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia; Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry for Girls, AL-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. Electronic address:
Background: Many researchers have proposed incorporating orbital volume (OV) discrepancies between the affected and unaffected orbits into routine diagnostic processes as an indicator for early surgical repair of zygomatic complex fractures (ZMCFxs) to avoid postoperative ocular complications.
Purpose: The study aimed to determine the correlation between the preoperative OV discrepancy and postoperative globe position.
Study Design, Setting, Sample: A retrospective cohort study was performed on patients with unilateral ZMCFxs associated with orbital floor fractures, treated at Al-Zahraa Hospital, Al-Azhar University, from January 2020 to July 2023.
Vestn Oftalmol
November 2024
Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia.
Unlabelled: Silent sinus syndrome (SSS) is a rare condition characterized by spontaneous, progressive enophthalmos and hypophthalmos due to the collapse of the maxillary sinus, often accompanied by subclinical sinusitis.
Purpose: This study evaluates the clinical outcomes of treating patients with silent sinus syndrome (SSS) using a two-stage treatment approach.
Material And Methods: The study included 22 patients (22 eyes) with SSS who were examined at the Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases between 2011 and 2023.
Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr
February 2024
Department of Plastic & Hand Surgery, Regions Hospital, St. Paul, MN, USA.
Assessing enophthalmos is critical in facial trauma patients, and there are many ways to do so. We have reviewed the various devices for measuring enophthalmos over the last 155 years. Knowing the benefits and drawbacks of each instrument is important in obtaining accurate results and interpreting them.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Craniomaxillofac Surg
January 2025
ORL- HNS and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
Orbital floor (OF) fractures present a dilemma, with controversies surrounding surgical indication, approach, and ideal material for reconstruction. Our study was conducted on cases of (OF) fracture admitted to a tertiary referral centre. Cases of (OF) associated with zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fracture were managed as follows: those with ophthalmological problems were subjected to endoscopically assisted transorbital reconstruction of the floor; cases without ophthalmological problems were subjected to reduction and fixation of the ZMC fracture only.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
September 2024
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jaipur, IND.
Background Orbital reconstruction aims to restore the original orbit volume and correct diplopia, enophthalmos, and ocular motility of the fractured orbit. This study aimed to assess the adequacy of orbital reconstruction using radiological and clinical factors. Methods In this retrospective study, patients with orbital blowout fractures meeting clinical or radiographic criteria underwent orbital reconstruction with titanium mesh.
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