Activity-triggered tetrapartite neuron-glial interactions following peripheral injury.

Curr Opin Pharmacol

Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, USA; Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland, Baltimore, USA.

Published: February 2016

Recent studies continue to support the proposition that non-neuronal components of the nervous system, mainly glial cells and associated chemical mediators, contribute to the development of neuronal hyperexcitability that underlies persistent pain conditions. In the event of peripheral injury, enhanced or abnormal nerve input is likely the most efficient way to activate simultaneously central neurons and glia. Injury induces phenotypic changes in glia and triggers signaling cascades that engage reciprocal interactions between presynaptic terminals, postsynaptic neurons, microglia and astrocytes. While some responses to peripheral injury may help the nervous system to adapt positively to counter the disastrous effect of injury, the net effect often leads to long-lasting sensitization of pain transmission pathways and chronic pain.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4716885PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coph.2015.09.006DOI Listing

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