A novel method (Sophia) is presented to track oxygen saturation changes in a controlled environment using an RGB camera placed approximately 1.5 m away from the subject. The method is evaluated on five healthy volunteers (Fitzpatrick skin phenotypes II, III, and IV) whose oxygen saturations were varied between 80% and 100% in a purpose-built chamber over 40 minutes each. The method carefully selects regions of interest (ROI) in the camera image by calculating signal-to-noise ratios for each ROI. This allows it to track changes in oxygen saturation accurately with respect to a conventional pulse oximeter (median coefficient of determination, 0.85).
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/BOE.6.003320 | DOI Listing |
Sensors (Basel)
January 2025
Research Centre for Biomedical Engineering, City St George's, University of London, London, EC1V 0HB, UK.
Over the past ten years, there has been an increasing demand for reliable consumer wearables as users are inclined to monitor their health and fitness metrics in real-time, especially since the COVID-19 pandemic. Reflectance pulse oximeters in fitness trackers and smartwatches provide convenient, non-invasive SpO measurements but face challenges in achieving medical-grade accuracy, particularly due to difficulties in capturing physiological signals, which may be affected by skin pigmentation. Hence, this study sets out to investigate the influence of skin pigmentation, particularly in individuals with darker skin, on the accuracy and reliability of SpO measurement in consumer wearables that utilise reflectance pulse oximeters.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensors (Basel)
January 2025
Research Centre for Biomedical Engineering, City St George's, University of London, London EC1V 0HB, UK.
The effect of skin pigmentation on photoplethysmography and, specifically, pulse oximetry has recently received a significant amount of attention amongst researchers, especially since the COVID-19 pandemic. With most computational studies observing overestimation of arterial oxygen saturation (SpO) in individuals with darker skin, this study seeks to further investigate the root causes of these discrepancies. This study analysed intensity changes from Monte Carlo-simulated reflectance PPG signals across light, moderate, and dark skin types at oxygen saturations of 70% and 100% in MATLAB R2024a.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Med
January 2025
Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Intavarorote Rd., Muang Chiang Mai District, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
Perioperative cardiac arrest (POCA) remains a major challenge in surgical settings, with low survival after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). This study aims to identify predictive factors for 24 h survival after CPR and cause of POCA. A retrospective, single-center study was conducted on patients aged ≥18 years who experienced POCA and received CPR in the operating room or within 2 h postoperatively at Chiang Mai University Hospital from 2010 to 2019.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Med
January 2025
Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany.
The autologous reconstruction of the female breast using a microsurgical DIEP flap is a reliable and safe method. To detect impairments early and preserve the microvascular flap through timely revision, a better understanding of physiologic perfusion dynamics is necessary. This exploratory study examines changes in microcirculation in free DIEP flaps within the first 72 h after vascular anastomosis using laser Doppler flowmetry and white-light spectrophotometry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLife (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery and Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
Shrinkage, a heat-induced process, reorganizes collagen fibers, thereby reducing wound surface area. This technique, commonly applied in surgeries like periareolar mastopexy and skin grafting, is well-established. Despite its widespread use, modern imaging has recently enabled detailed observation of shrinkage's effects on tissue temperature and oxygenation.
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