The global burden of communicable diseases (CD) and non-communicable diseases (NCD) in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) likely stems from a common substratum of societal and system inadequacies. In order to appropriately control these conditions and to manage the determinants and deterrents of both CDs and NCDs related deaths and disabilities, joint strategies aimed at both systemic and population levels are warranted. Although deficiencies exist within the health systems of LMICs, assets which could be leveraged efficiently to produce desirable outcomes also abound. Significant changes are already taking place through health initiatives within LMICs, opening up opportunities for further success through the involvement of international agencies. The role of these agencies, including donor countries and LMICs' Diaspora, is to strengthen and support the opportunities offered by on-going changes at the country level. There is a need to better understand and support the drivers and processes of positive change within LMICs in order to harness them for more widespread benefit through scale-up efforts. Strategies for addressing CDs and NCDs should be devised and implemented as complementary rather than competing 'sides of the same coin'.
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