AI Article Synopsis
- - HIV-1 infection causes long-lasting immune system activation and inflammation, which persists even with antiretroviral therapy, making it hard to fully restore immune health.
- - The virus uses specific proteins to manipulate the host's cellular processes, enhancing its replication and spread while disturbing the balance of immune responses.
- - Understanding how HIV-1 disrupts immune metabolism could lead to new treatments aimed at restoring immune function in infected individuals.
Article Abstract
HIV-1 infection results in long-lasting activation of the immune system including elevated production of pro-inflammatory cytokine/chemokines, and bacterial product release from gut into blood and tissue compartments, which are not fully restored by antiretroviral therapies. HIV-1 has also developed numerous strategies via viral regulatory proteins to hijack cell molecular mechanisms to enhance its own replication and dissemination. Here, we reviewed the relationship between viral proteins, immune activation/inflammation, and deregulated metabolism occurring in HIV-1-infected patients that ultimately dampens the protective innate and adaptive arms of immunity. Defining precisely the molecular mechanisms related to deregulated immuno-metabolism during HIV-1 infection could ultimately help in the development of novel clinical approaches to restore proper immune functions in these patients.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cytogfr.2015.09.001 | DOI Listing |
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