Natural killer cells in patients with polycythemia vera.

Hum Immunol

Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 1090 TAGC, Marseille, France; AP-HM, Hôpital de La Conception, Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Marseille, France; AP-HM, Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France. Electronic address:

Published: September 2015

AI Article Synopsis

  • - Natural killer (NK) cells are crucial in fighting cancer, but their effectiveness is often reduced in certain blood cancers due to a lack of important activating molecules.
  • - In a study focusing on NK cells in patients with polycythemia vera (a blood disorder with a mutated JAK2 gene), researchers found that while NK cell numbers increased, their ability to proliferate and kill cancer cells remained similar to healthy individuals.
  • - Analysis of NK cells revealed that they carried the mutated JAK2, and a unique transcriptomic signature suggested ongoing abnormal activation due to this mutation, leading to an imbalance in inhibitory receptor expression.

Article Abstract

Natural killer cells (NK) are pivotal cells of innate immunity. They are potent antileukemic cytotoxic effectors. A defect in their cytotoxicity has been described in some hematopoietic malignancies such as acute myeloid leukemia, multiple myeloma and myelodysplastic syndromes. This defect is at least partially linked to a decreased or absent expression of some activating NK cells molecules, more particularly the so-called natural cytotoxicity receptors. In the present study, we more particularly focused our attention on NK cells of polycythemia vera, a myeloproliferative disease characterized by the presence of mutated JAK2 tyrosine kinase. The polymerase chain reaction analysis of NK cells from patients showed that they expressed the mutated form of JAK2. In polycythemia vera the proportion of NK was increased compared to healthy donors. The proliferative and cytotoxic abilities of NK cells from patients were similar to healthy donors. Expression of activating or inhibitory receptors was comparable in patients and donors, with nonetheless an imbalance for the inhibitory form of the CD158a,h couple of receptors in patients. Finally, the transcriptomic profile analysis clearly identified a discriminant signature between NK cells from patients and donors that could putatively be the consequence of abnormal continuous activation of mutated JAK2.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.humimm.2015.09.010DOI Listing

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