Background: Many studies suggest that dependent smokers have a preference or attentional bias toward smoking cues. The purpose of this study was to test the ability of infrequent non-dependent light smokers to control their eye movements by look away from smoking cues. Poor control in the lightest of smokers would suggest nicotine cue-elicited behavior occurring even prior to nicotine dependency as measured by daily smoking.
Methods: 17 infrequent non-dependent light smokers and 17 lifetime non-smokers performed an antisaccade task (look away from suddenly appearing cue) on smoking, alcohol, neutral, and dot cues.
Results: The light smokers, who were confirmed light smokers and non-dependent (MFaegerström Dependency Score=0.35), were significantly worse at controlling their eye movements to smoking cues relative to both neutral cues (p<.04) and alcohol cues (p<.02). Light smokers made significantly more errors to smoking cues than non-smokers (p<.004).
Conclusions: These data suggest that prior to developing clinical symptoms of severe dependence or progressing to heavier smoking (e.g., daily smoking), the lightest of smokers are showing a specific deficit in control of nicotine cue-elicited behavior.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.09.004 | DOI Listing |
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