Predicting ecosystem function from environmental conditions is a central goal of ecosystem ecology. However, many traditional ecosystem models are tailored for specific regions or ecosystem types, requiring several regional models to predict the same function. Alternatively, trait-based approaches have been effectively used to predict community structure in both terrestrial and aquatic environments and ecosystem function in a limited number of terrestrial examples. Here, we test the efficacy of a trait-based model in predicting gross primary production (GPP) in lake ecosystems. We incorporated data from >1000 United States lakes along with laboratory-generated phytoplankton trait data to build a trait-based model of GPP and then validated the model with GPP observations from a separate set of globally distributed lakes. The trait-based model performed as well as or outperformed two ecosystem models both spatially and temporally, demonstrating the efficacy of trait-based models for predicting ecosystem function over a range of environmental conditions.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/14-2102.1 | DOI Listing |
Postepy Biochem
December 2024
Department of Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw.
Mikrobiota układu pokarmowego jest nieodzownym elementem właściwego funkcjonowania organizmu człowieka, bowiem drobnoustroje jelitowe i ich metabolity silnie wpływają na metabolizm gospodarza i funkcje odpornościowe, jak również przyczyniają się do biosyntezy witamin, produkcji hormonów jelitowych, utrzymania integralności bariery jelitowej i ochrony przed patogenami, a także trawienia i wchłaniania składników odżywczych. Coraz częściej podkreśla się istnienie zależności pomiędzy zaburzeniami składu mikrobioty jelit a pojawianiem się chorób metabolicznych, tj. otyłości czy cukrzycy typu 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAfr J Reprod Health
December 2024
Department of Mammary gland, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University(Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Zhejiang, 310006.
This study sought to compare bacterial abundance and diversity in milk and feces of healthy lactating women with patients suffering from lactation mastitis, explore the pathogenesis of lactation mastitis, and develop new ideas for its treatment and prevention from a microbiological perspective. A total of 19 lactating mastitis patients and 19 healthy lactating women were recruited. Milk and fecal Specimens were obtained from both groups, and microbial community structure was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlthough the highlands of East Africa lack the geo-ecological landmarks of Rift Valley fever (RVF) disease hotspots to participate in cyclic RVF epidemics, they have recently reported growing numbers of small RVF clusters. Here, we investigated whether RVF cycling occurred among livestock and humans in the central highlands of Kenya during inter-epidemic periods. A 2-year prospective hospital-based study among febrile patients (March 2022-February 2024) in Murang'a County of Kenya was followed by a cross-sectional human-animal survey.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFViruses
December 2024
U.S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Water Science Center, 5840 Enterprise Drive, Lansing, MI 48911, USA.
Since late 2021, outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus have caused a record number of mortalities in wild birds, domestic poultry, and mammals in North America. Wetlands are plausible environmental reservoirs of avian influenza virus; however, the transmission and persistence of the virus in the aquatic environment are poorly understood. To explore environmental contamination with the avian influenza virus, a large-volume concentration method for detecting infectious avian influenza virus in waterbodies was developed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFViruses
December 2024
Discipline of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluate human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence, genotype distribution, and associations with cervicovaginal microbiota and cytokine profiles among South African women, where cervical cancer ranks as the second most common cancer. PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science were searched for studies on HPV infection up to 21 September 2024. The pooled prevalence was estimated using a random-effects model, with subgroup analyses by province, sample type, and HIV status.
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