AI Article Synopsis

  • TRPM5 is a calcium-activated cation channel involved in taste signaling and is also present in chemosensory cells and pancreatic β-cells.
  • This study examined the impact of TRPM5 gene deletion on metabolic health in mice subjected to a long-term high-calorie diet.
  • Trpm5-/- mice showed reduced weight gain, better insulin sensitivity, and improved glucose tolerance compared to wild type mice, suggesting that TRPM5 may contribute to overeating and glucose intolerance associated with high-sugar and high-fat diets.

Article Abstract

The calcium activated cation channel transient receptor potential channel type M5 (TRPM5) is part of the downstream machinery of the taste receptors and have been shown to play a central role in taste signalling. In addition it is also found in other types of chemosensory cells in various parts of the body as well as in pancreatic β-cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of TRPM5 gene ablation on body weight, insulin sensitivity and other metabolic parameters in long-term high caloric diet induced obesity. Trpm5-/- mice gained significantly less body weight and fat mass on both palatable carbohydrate and fat rich cafeteria diet and 60% high fat diet (HFD) and developed less insulin resistance compared to wild type mice. A main finding was the clearly improved glucose tolerance in Trpm5-/- mice compared to wild type mice on cafeteria diet, which was independent of body weight. In addition, it was shown that Trpm5-/- mice consumed the same amount of calories when fed a HFD only or a HFD in combination with a palatable chocolate ball, which is in contrast to wild type mice that increased their caloric intake when fed the combination, mainly due to excessive consumption of the chocolate ball. Thus the palatable sugar containing diet induced overeating was prevented in Trpm5-/- mice. This indicates that sweet taste induced overeating may be a cause for the increased energy intake and glucose intolerance development seen for wild type mice on a sugar and high fat rich cafeteria diet compared to when on a high fat diet. This study point to an important role for the taste signalling system and TRPM5 in diet induced glucose intolerance.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4580452PMC
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0138373PLOS

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