Stem Cell Group, Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore. Electronic address:
Published: May 2016
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Article Abstract
Current methods for human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC) expansion and differentiation can be limited in scalability and costly (due to their labor intensive nature). This can limit their use in cell therapy, drug screening and toxicity assays. One of the approaches that can overcome these limitations is microcarrier (MC) based cultures in which cells are expanded as cell/MC aggregates and then directly differentiated as embryoid bodies (EBs) in the same agitated reactor. This integrated process can be scaled up and eliminate the need for some culture manipulation used in common monolayer and EBs cultures. This review describes the principles of such microcarriers based integrated hPSC expansion and differentiation process, and parameters that can affect its efficiency (such as MC type and extracellular matrix proteins coatings, cell/MC aggregates size, and agitation). Finally examples of integrated process for generation cardiomyocytes (CM) and neural progenitor cells (NPC) as well as challenges to be solved are described.
With the rapid expansion of mindfulness and its incorporation into the "third wave" of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), there has been evident confusion about what mindfulness is and how it relates to this broader category of interventions. In this article, I define mindfulness and CBT, and differentiate them while highlighting their substantial overlap. Specifically, I discuss the Buddhist Psychological Model and how it relates to the foundational cognitive model, demonstrating the common threads that run across these seemingly disparate philosophies.
The clinical and immunophenotypic attributes of reactive γδ T-cell expansions are less well characterized than their malignant counterparts, which can pose diagnostic challenges. This study aims to investigate the characteristics and long-term clinical outcomes of reactive γδ T-cell expansions. A retrospective review was performed to identify patients with expanded γδ T-cell population (>15% of T-cells) by flow cytometry in peripheral blood and/or bone marrow specimens over a 17-year period.
Department of Scientific Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China. Electronic address:
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a biologically heterogeneous disease originating from the clonal expansion of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Clonal expansion of hematopoietic stem cell progenitors (HSC-Prog), along with a block in differentiation, are hallmark features of AML. The disease is characterized by poor clinical outcomes, highlighting the urgent need for effective therapeutic strategies and suitable drug targets.
Dioscorea alata, a key tuber crop for global food security, is threatened by anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. However, identification of functional resistance genes against C. gloeosporioides in D.
Glucosinolates (GSLs) are important secondary metabolites abundantly distributed in Brassicaceae plants, whose degradation products benefit plant resistance but are regarded as disadvantageous factors for human health. Thus, reducing GSL content is an important goal in the breeding program in crops, such as . In this study, 1280 genes in the GSL pathway were identified from 14 land plant genomes, which are specifically distributed in Brassicaceae and are extensively expanded in .
