The complexity of water distribution networks raises challenges in managing, monitoring and understanding their behavior. This article proposes a novel methodology applying data clustering to the results of hydraulic simulation to define quality zones, i.e. zones with the same dynamic water origin. The methodology is presented on an existing Water Distribution Network; a large dataset of conductivity measurements measured by 32 probes validates the definition of the quality zones. The results show how quality zones help better understanding the network operation and how they can be used to analyze water quality events. Moreover, a statistical comparison with 158,230 conductivity measurements validates the definition of the quality zones.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2015.08.061 | DOI Listing |
Environ Geochem Health
March 2025
Department of Geology, V.O.Chidambaram College, Thoothukudi, India.
Submarine Groundwater Discharge (SGD) has a global impact, affecting coastal aquifers, the freshwater environment, and contributing to coastal development. The present study investigates the impact of Submarine Groundwater Discharge (SGD) on groundwater geochemistry along the coast from Chettikulam to Kolachel in Southern India, with an emphasis on regional changes pre and post monsoons in the years 2023-2024. A total of 80 groundwater samples (40 from both monsoons) were analyzed using hydrochemical plots such as Piper, Wilcox, Gibbs, and Hydrochemical Facies Evolution Diagrams (HFE-D), along with AquaChem software and spatial mapping techniques.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanomaterials (Basel)
February 2025
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan.
Ultrafast laser processing is a critical technology for micro- and nano-fabrication due to its ability to minimize heat-affected zones. The effects of intensity variation on the ultrafast laser ablation of fused silica were investigated to gain fundamental insights into the dynamic modulation of pulse intensity. This study revealed significant enhancement in ablation efficiency for downward ramp intensity modulation compared to the upward ramp.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biosoc Sci
March 2025
Birim Central Municipal Health Directorate, Ghana Health Service, P.O.Box 429, Akim Oda, Eastern Region, Ghana.
Head porterage, popularly known in Ghana as Kayayei, has been an old economic venture for young girls and women who migrate from the northern to the southern part of the country. Even though Head Porters view Kayayei as a source of livelihood, conditions such as the outbreak of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) further worsened their sexual vulnerabilities, as well as their autonomy to make decisions on contraceptive use. Head Porters, as a term defined in this study, refers to women aged 15 years or older who carry loads from one point of the town to another for a fee.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Pediatr
March 2025
Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Kent, UK.
Unlabelled: In this brief report, we present the findings of a survey which explores the learning curve that was achieved during the 'Serial Lung Ultrasound in predicting the need for surfactant and Respiratory course in Preterm infants' (SLURP) study. The aim of this survey was to evaluate the training lung ultrasound operators received in order to scan patients who were recruited into the SLURP study. The aim of the SLURP study was to validate the optimal lung ultrasound (LU) 'cut off' score using standard and extended LU zones that predict surfactant need in babies born ≤ 34 weeks on non-invasive respiratory support when clinicians had various levels of experience in LU.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Agric Food Chem
March 2025
Agroscope, Schwarzenburgstrasse 161, Bern 3003, Switzerland.
Cheese is one of the most consumed fermented animal-based products globally, rendering its quality assessment and evaluation of substantial economic interest. Understanding the degree of cheese homogeneity is paramount for designing effective sampling strategies, yet this information is largely lacking. This study investigates the homogeneity of a cheese wheel based on the distribution of volatile compounds, microbiota, sodium chloride content, and pH, combined with sensory analyses.
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