Neurological changes in brain structure and functions among individuals with a history of childhood sexual abuse: A review.

Objective: Review literature focused on neurological associations in brain structure among individuals with a history of childhood sexual abuse (CSA).

Methodology: A review of literature examining physiological irregularities in brain structures of individuals with a history of CSA was conducted.

Results: Results revealed that a history of CSA was associated with irregularities in the cortical and subcortical regions of the brain. These irregularities have been recognized to contribute to various cognitive, behavioral, and psychological health outcomes later in life. Age of CSA onset was associated with differential neurological brain structures.

Conclusion: Mental and behavioral health problems such as anxiety, depression, substance abuse, dissociative disorders, and sexual dysfunction are associated with CSA and may persist into adulthood. Research depicting the associations of CSA on neurological outcomes emphasizes the need to examine the biological and subsequent psychological outcomes associated with CSA. Early intervention is imperative for CSA survivors.