Endurance events are increasing in popularity in wilderness and remote settings, and participants face a unique set of potential risks for participation. The purpose of this article is to outline these risks and allow the practitioner to better guide the wilderness adventurer who is anticipating traveling to a remote or desert environment.
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Physiology and Pathophysiology of Marathon Running: A narrative Review.
Sports Med Open
January 2025
Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Background: Marathon training and running have many beneficial effects on human health and physical fitness; however, they also pose risks. To date, no comprehensive review regarding both the benefits and risks of marathon running on different organ systems has been published.
Main Body: The aim of this review was to provide a comprehensive review of the benefits and risks of marathon training and racing on different organ systems.
Effects of Three Different Distance/Elevation-Gain Ultra-Trail Races on Red Blood Cell Oxidative Stress and Senescence, and Blood Rheology.
Med Sci Sports Exerc
January 2025
University of La Réunion, INSERM, U1188 Diabetes Atherothrombosis Therapies Indian Ocean (DéTROI), Saint Pierre de La Réunion, FRANCE.
Purpose: Red blood cells (RBCs) senescence and blood rheology during ultra-endurance running events appear to be impacted differently depending on the race distance. The physiological mechanisms underlying these differences are poorly understood.
Methods: We investigated the effects of three different ultra-trail running races performed in La Reunion Island (Mascareignes, "the 70 km", 70 km/4,000 m D+; Trail Du Bourbon, "the 100 km", 100 km/6,090 m D+; Diagonale des Fous, "the 170 km", 170 km/10,500 m D+) on RBC oxidative stress, RBC senescence and blood rheology in 66 finishers (18 "70 km", 24 "100 km", 24 "170 km").
Running trends in Switzerland from 1999 to 2019: An exploratory observational study.
PLoS One
January 2025
Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Background: Several single race events (5 km, 10 km, half-marathon, marathon, ultra-marathon) in different countries and different years have been analyzed in multiple studies, representing the rising interest in endurance-based activity and thus physical health. With focus on participation numbers, performance or sex difference, many single study results were obtained. The running trends in a whole country covering a longer period of time and several race distances are missing so far.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCoronary atherosclerosis in athletes: emerging concepts and preventive strategies.
Eur Heart J
January 2025
Heart, Exercise and Research Trials (HEART) Lab, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia.
There should be no assumption that an athlete is immune to coronary artery disease (CAD), even when traditional cardiovascular (CV) risk factors appear well-managed. Excelling in certain aspects of health does not equate to total CV protection. Recent data from cardiac imaging studies have raised the possibility that long-term, high-volume, high-intensity endurance exercise is associated with coronary atherosclerosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLactate Threshold and Swimming Performance in World-Class Open-Water Swimmers.
Int J Sports Physiol Perform
February 2025
Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy.
Purpose: The assessment of lactate threshold (LT) and its relationship to open-water (OW) performance is crucial. This study aimed (1) to analyze LT in world-class OW swimmers, (2) to compare swimming speed at LT (SSLT) and 4 mmol·L-1 of blood lactate concentration ([La-]; SS4), and (3) to examine the relationships between SSLT and swimming performance.
Methods: Twenty world-class and elite (11 male, 26.
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