Introduction: Blast traumatic brain injury (B-TBI) affects military and civilian personnel. Presently, there are no approved drugs for blast brain injury.
Methods: Exendin-4 (Ex-4), administered subcutaneously, was evaluated as a pretreatment (48 hours) and postinjury treatment (2 hours) on neurodegeneration, behaviors, and gene expressions in a murine open field model of blast injury.
Results: B-TBI induced neurodegeneration, changes in cognition, and genes expressions linked to dementia disorders. Ex-4, administered preinjury or postinjury, ameliorated B-TBI-induced neurodegeneration at 72 hours, memory deficits from days 7-14, and attenuated genes regulated by blast at day 14 postinjury.
Discussion: The present data suggest shared pathologic processes between concussive and B-TBI, with end points amenable to beneficial therapeutic manipulation by Ex-4. B-TBI-induced dementia-related gene pathways and cognitive deficits in mice somewhat parallel epidemiologic studies of Barnes et al. who identified a greater risk in US military veterans who experienced diverse TBIs, for dementia in later life.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4715981 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2015.07.489 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Glial activation and nociceptive neuropeptide elevation associated with the development of chronic post-traumatic headache following repetitive blast exposure.
Neurobiol Pain
December 2024
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Department of Biomedical Engineering, 325 Stranger St., Blacksburg, VA 24060, United States.
Chronic headaches and pain are prevalent in those who are exposure to blast events, yet there is a gap in fundamental data that identifies the pathological mechanism for the chronification of pain. Blast-related post-traumatic headaches (PTH) are understudied and chronic pain behaviors in preclinical models can be vital to help elucidate PTH mechanisms. The descending pain modulatory system controls pain perception and involves specific brain regions such as the cortex, thalamus, pons, and medulla.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom clusters associated with an indicator of heart rate variability: The ADVANCE cohort study.
J Affect Disord
January 2025
King's Centre for Military Health Research, King's College London, SE5 9RJ, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; Academic Department of Military Mental Health, King's College London, SE5 9RJ, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Background: Heart rate variability (HRV) is governed by of sympathetic and parasympathetic regulatory systems. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) may influence these systems and consequently affect cardiovascular functioning.
Methods: The sample consisted of 860 UK male military personnel approximately half of who had sustained physical combat injuries in Afghanistan.
Echoes of the blast: A qualitative study of loss and adaptation among bereaved families of the 2020 Beirut explosion.
Death Stud
January 2025
IDEES Multidisciplinary Research Group, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.
On August 4, 2020, an explosion in the Beirut Port in Lebanon caused over 220 deaths and 76,000 injuries. The blast, which is considered a national tragedy, had profound impacts on Lebanese citizens, notably the traumatic loss for families who lost a loved one. This qualitative study explored the experiences of loss and adaptation among bereaved families following the Beirut Port explosion from a psychosocial perspective.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComparative lipid profiling reveals the differential response of distinct lipid subclasses in blast and blunt-induced mild traumatic brain injury.
Exp Neurol
January 2025
Traumatic Brain Injury & Metabolomics Department, DRDO, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), S. K Mazumdar Road, Timarpur, New Delhi 110054, India. Electronic address:
Head trauma from blast exposure is a growing health concern, particularly among active military personnel, and is considered the signature injury of the Gulf War. However, it remains elusive whether fundamental differences exist between blast-related Traumatic Brain Injuries (TBI) and TBI due to other mechanisms. Considering the importance of lipid metabolism associated with neuronal membrane integrity and its compromise during TBI, we sought to find changes in lipidomic profiling during blast or blunt (Stereotaxically Controlled Contusison-SCC)-mediated TBI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuroprotective Effects of Functionalized Hydrophilic Carbon Clusters: Targeted Therapy of Traumatic Brain Injury in an Open Blast Rat Model.
Biomedicines
December 2024
President's Office (Retired), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
Unlabelled: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes multiple cerebrovascular disruptions and oxidative stress. These pathological mechanisms are often accompanied by serious impairment of cerebral blood flow autoregulation and neuronal and glial degeneration.
Background/objectives: Multiple biochemical cascades are triggered by brain damage, resulting in reactive oxygen species production alongside blood loss and hypoxia.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!