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http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/16000617.00000415 | DOI Listing |
Adv Healthc Mater
January 2025
Center for High Altitude Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
Nitric oxide (NO) is an essential molecule in biomedicine, recognized for its antibacterial properties, neuronal modulation, and use in inhalation therapies. The effectiveness of NO-based treatments relies on precise control of NO concentrations tailored to specific therapeutic needs. Electrochemical generation of NO (E-NOgen) via nitrite (NO ) reduction offers a scalable and efficient route for controlled NO production, while also addressing environmental concerns by reducing NO pollution and maintaining nitrogen cycle balance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Biosci (Landmark Ed)
January 2025
Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China.
Background: Dexamethasone has proven life-saving in severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and COVID-19 cases. However, its systemic administration is accompanied by serious side effects. Inhalation delivery of dexamethasone (Dex) faces challenges such as low lung deposition, brief residence in the respiratory tract, and the pulmonary mucus barrier, limiting its clinical use.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmaceutics
January 2025
School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
This paper presents a comprehensive review of the current literature, clinical trials, and products approved for the delivery of antibiotics to the lungs. While there are many literature reports describing potential delivery systems, few of these have translated into marketed products. Key challenges remaining are the high doses required and, for powder formulations, the ability of the inhaler and powder combination to deliver the dose to the correct portion of the respiratory tract for maximum effect.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomedicines
January 2025
Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
Postoperative neurocognitive dysfunction (PND) is a prevalent and debilitating complication in elderly surgical patients, characterized by persistent cognitive decline that negatively affects recovery and quality of life. As the aging population grows, the rising number of elderly surgical patients has made PND an urgent clinical challenge. Despite increasing research efforts, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying PND remain inadequately characterized, underscoring the need for a more integrated framework to guide targeted interventions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPneumonia (Nathan)
January 2025
School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Background: A growing body of evidence suggests that prolonged use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) is associated with increased risks of pneumonia. A substantial proportion of people with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) are prescribed PPIs or ICS to treat common comorbidities, giving rise to concerns that use of these medications may be associated with potential harms in this patient population.
Methods: We used UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) Aurum primary care data linked to national mortality and hospital admissions data to create a cohort of people diagnosed with IPF on or after 1 January 2010.
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