Four series of disubstituted carbazole-1-carboxamides were designed and synthesised as inhibitors of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK). 4,7- and 4,6-disubstituted carbazole-1-carboxamides were potent and selective inhibitors of BTK, while 3,7- and 3,6-disubstituted carbazole-1-carboxamides were potent and selective inhibitors of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2).
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.07.102 | DOI Listing |
Biomark Res
December 2024
L. Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rudolf Weigl 12, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland.
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is prevalent in adults and is characterized by the accumulation of mature B cells in the blood, bone marrow, lymph nodes, and spleens. Recent progress in therapy and the introduction of targeted treatments [inhibitors of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTKi) or inhibitor of anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2i) protein (venetoclax)] in place of chemoimmunotherapy have significantly improved the outcomes of patients with CLL. These advancements have shifted the importance of traditional predictive markers, leading to a greater focus on resistance genes and reducing the significance of mutations, such as TP53 and del(17p).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElife
December 2024
Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, United States.
Inhibition of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) has proven to be highly effective in the treatment of B-cell malignancies such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), autoimmune disorders, and multiple sclerosis. Since the approval of the first BTK inhibitor (BTKi), Ibrutinib, several other inhibitors including Acalabrutinib, Zanubrutinib, Tirabrutinib, and Pirtobrutinib have been clinically approved. All are covalent active site inhibitors, with the exception of the reversible active site inhibitor Pirtobrutinib.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLeuk Lymphoma
December 2024
Clinic of Hematology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
Mutations in the oncogene are recurrently linked to chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), found in approximately 10% of CLL cases at diagnosis. Although these mutations are associated with clinical outcomes, their significance in the context of treatment with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies, Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and BCL2 inhibitors remains controversial. Consequently, testing for mutations is not recommended outside of a clinical setting.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Immunother
December 2024
Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) syndrome, a fatal disorder characterized by NK/T-cell deficiency, cytokine storm, and organ damage, is rare in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Ibrutinib, the first generation of irreversible Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has been the first-line therapy for CLL. As an off-target effect, it can also block IL-2 inducible T-cell kinase (ITK), which is essential in maintaining normal NK and T-cell functions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Oncol
December 2024
Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian, Jiangsu, China.
Dermatological adverse events (AEs) are generally mild during therapy with Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BTKi), and it is often unnecessary to adjust the BTKi dosage or discontinue treatment. However, in this study, we present the cases of two patients diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) who experienced severe dermatological AEs during BTKi treatment and subsequently had to discontinue it. The first patient, who previously suffered from rashes, experienced rashes again along with fever when exposed to BTKi.
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