Introduction: Insulin metabolism has been previously linked to oxidized low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDL), but corroborating intervention studies are lacking. We investigated whether changes in ox-LDL levels are accompanied by changes in insulin sensitivity in a 32-month life-style intervention study.
Materials And Methods: A 2-month weight reduction was followed by 6-month diet and exercise counselling and a 2-year follow-up period. Men of 35-50 years of age, BMI ≥ 30 kg/m(2), and waist circumference > 100 cm were recruited via newspapers in the city of Tampere, Finland. Of the 90 men meeting the inclusion criteria, 67 (76%) completed the study. Ox-LDL was estimated as the presence of oxidized lipids in LDL. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), ox-LDL, and ratio of ox-LDL and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ox-LDL/HDL-c) were used as the main outcome measures.
Results: The detected changes in HOMA-IR were strikingly similar to those in ox-LDL and ox-LDL/HDL-c. Compared to the first HOMA-IR quartile, the fourth quartile had 23%-51% higher concentrations in ox-LDL and ox-LDL/HDL-c at all time points (P < 0.05 for all).
Conclusion: This weight reduction intervention study adds evidence to support the connection between insulin metabolism and oxidized LDL, possibly contributing to the higher incidence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases among diabetic patients.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/07853890.2015.1043939 | DOI Listing |
Diabetes Obes Metab
January 2025
Department of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
Metabolic syndrome-related diseases frequently involve disturbances in skeletal muscle lipid metabolism. The accumulation of lipid metabolites, lipid-induced mitochondrial stress in skeletal muscle cells, as well as the inflammation of adjacent adipose tissue, are associated with the development of insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction. Consequently, when antidiabetic medications are used to treat various chronic conditions related to hyperglycaemia, the impact on skeletal muscle lipid metabolism should not be overlooked.
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December 2024
Plastic Surgery, Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Medical & Health Sciences, Dehradun, IND.
Pregnancy issues such as gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are significant contributors to long-term cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in women. Recent research has proved the impact of exercise on improving cardiovascular outcomes, particularly in women with pregnancy-related disorders. This review explores the outcomes of various exercise interventions on cardiovascular health in pregnant women.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic condition characterized by hepatic steatosis in the absence of significant alcohol consumption and is increasingly recognized as the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome (MetS). This review aims to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the interaction between NAFLD, insulin resistance (IR), and MetS, with a focus on identifying therapeutic targets. A comprehensive review of existing literature on NAFLD, IR, and MetS was conducted.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Endocr Soc
January 2025
Biochemistry Section, Faculty of Environmental Sciences and UCLM Institute of Biomedicine (IB-UCLM), 45071 Toledo, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain.
The hypothalamus integrates peripheral signals and modulates food intake and energy expenditure by regulating the metabolic function of peripheral tissues, including the liver and adipose tissue. In a previous study, we demonstrated that s-resistin, an intracellular resistin isoform highly expressed in the hypothalamus and upregulated during aging, is important in the central control of energy homeostasis, affecting mainly the peripheral response to insulin by still unknown mechanisms. Herein, using an intracerebroventricular injection of a specific lentiviral RNAi against s-resistin, we assessed, in the Wistar rat, the effects of central s-resistin downregulation on the expression and phosphorylation levels of intermediates involved in insulin signaling and the inflammatory response in epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) and liver.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Pharm Sin B
December 2024
Metabolic Disease Research Center, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
Reductive stress, characterized by rising level of NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) for a status of NADH/NAD ratio elevation, has been reported in obesity and cancer. However, the mechanism and significance of reductive stress remain to be established in obesity. This perspective is prepared to address the issue with new insights published recently.
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