We queried the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program to compare the rate of 30-day readmissions and major complications between simultaneous bilateral and unilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We identified 1771 patients who underwent simultaneous (same-day) bilateral TKA and matched them to a control group of 6790 patients who underwent unilateral TKA. The simultaneous bilateral TKA patients had longer surgery, were more commonly performed under general anesthesia, had a higher rate of postoperative transfusion, and a greater proportion of patients discharged to rehabilitation facilities. Simultaneous bilateral TKA has a low incidence of major complications and was not associated with more readmissions as compared to unilateral TKA (3.6% versus 3.5% respectively). Nonetheless, the odds of major complications was slightly higher following simultaneous bilateral TKA (OR=1.58).
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