Marine molluscs, like all living organisms, are constantly exposed to viruses and have evolved efficient antiviral defences. We review here recent developments in molluscan antiviral immunity against viruses belonging to the order Herpesvirales. Emerging results suggest an interferon-like response and autophagy are involved in the antiviral defence of bivalves to viral infection. Multi-functional plasma proteins from gastropods and bivalves have been identified to have broad-spectrum antiviral activity against mammalian viruses. The antiviral defences present in molluscs can be enhanced by genetic selection, as shown by the presence of oyster strains specifically resistant to ostreid herpesvirus type 1. Whether varying amounts or different isoforms of these antiviral plasma proteins contributes to genetic resistance is worthy of further research. Other evolutionarily conserved antiviral mechanisms, such as RNA interference and apoptosis, still need further characterization.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.000244 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Amphibian-Derived Peptides as Natural Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease (Mpro): A Combined In Vitro and In Silico Approach.
Chem Biodivers
January 2025
Universidad Nacional del Litoral Facultad de Bioquimica y Ciencias Biologicas, Química Orgánica, Ciudad Universitaria. Paraje el Pozo S/N, Argentina, 3000, Santa Fe, ARGENTINA.
The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has highlighted the urgent need for novel therapeutic agents targeting viral enzymes such as the main protease (Mpro), which plays a crucial role in viral replication. In this study, we investigate the inhibitory potential of 23 peptides isolated from the skin of amphibians belonging to the Hylidae and Leptodactylidae families against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. Five peptides demonstrated significant inhibition using a colorimetric Mpro inhibition assay, with IC50 values ranging from 41 to 203 µM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDevelopment and characterization of a reverse genetics system for the lineage II Chicava strain of Machupo virus in a guinea pig model.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
January 2025
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America.
Background: Machupo virus (MACV) is a New World mammarenavirus (hereafter referred to as "arenavirus") and the etiologic agent of Bolivian hemorrhagic fever (BHF). No vaccine or antiviral therapy exists for BHF, which causes up to 35% mortality in humans. New World arenaviruses evolve separately in different locations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIncidence and predictors of mortality among HIV positive children on anti-retroviral therapy in the selected health facilities of West Wollega Zone, Western Ethiopia: Retrospective cohort study.
PLoS One
January 2025
Departments of Public Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Wollega University, Ethiopia.
Introduction: The mortality rate among Human immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) who have started antiretroviral therapy (ART) continues to be increased in resource-limited countries, despite a decline in developed nations. Furthermore, research within this age group is limited and has not previously been conducted in the study area. Consequently, this study aimed to determine the incidence of mortality and its predictors among HIV-positive children who have been receiving ART at public health facilities in West Wollega.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSynthesis and preclinical evaluation of tigilanol tiglate analogs as latency-reversing agents for the eradication of HIV.
Sci Adv
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Tigilanol tiglate (EBC-46) is a selective modulator of protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms that is Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved for the treatment of mast cell tumors in canines with up to an 88% cure rate. Recently, it has been FDA approved for the treatment of soft tissue sarcomas in humans. The role of EBC-46 and, especially, its analogs in efforts to eradicate HIV, treat neurological and cardiovascular disorders, or enhance antigen density in antigen-targeted chimeric antigen receptor-T cell and chimeric antigen receptor-natural killer cell immunotherapies has not been reported.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSecondary metabolites of Alternaria alternate appraisal of their SARS-CoV-2 inhibitory and anti-inflammatory potentials.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.
This study identifies the secondary metabolites from Alternaria alternate and evaluates their ACE-2: Spike RBD (SARS-CoV-2) inhibitory activity confirmed via immunoblotting in human lung microvascular endothelial cells. In addition, their in vitro anti-inflammatory potential was assessed using a cell-based assay in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!