Despite diverse applications, phospholipid membrane stacks generated by dip-pen nanolithography (DPN) still lack a thorough and systematic characterization that elucidates the whole ink transport process from writing to surface spreading, with the aim of better controlling the resulting feature size and resolution. We report a quantitative analysis and modeling of the dependence of lipid DPN features (area, height and volume) on dwell time and relative humidity. The ink flow rate increases with humidity in agreement with meniscus size growth, determining the overall feature size. The observed time dependence indicates the existence of a balance between surface spreading and the ink flow rate that promotes differences in concentration at the meniscus/substrate interface. Feature shape is controlled by the substrate surface energy. The results are analyzed within a modified model for the ink transport of diffusive inks. At any humidity the dependence of the area spread on the dwell time shows two diffusion regimes: at short dwell times growth is controlled by meniscus diffusion while at long dwell times surface diffusion governs the process. The critical point for the switch of regime depends on the humidity.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5nr04352b | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Preparation of Calcium Alginate-Based Hydrogels with Precisely Designed Centrosymmetric Geometries for Efficient Water Evaporation in Response to Different Solar Incidence Angles.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
Hydrogels are popular materials for desalination and can significantly reduce the vaporization enthalpy of water; however, there are few reports on hydrogels with a controllable multilevel structural design for water evaporation. Herein, a calcium alginate and traditional Chinese ink-based evaporator (CIE) are proposed and fabricated using directed freezing technology to construct radial channels, followed by freeze-drying and physical cross-linking. Because of the squeezing of ice crystals and the shaping effect of the PDMS template, the prepared evaporator exhibits a sea-urchin-shaped highly geometrical centrosymmetric structure with numerous multilevel pore channels, which promotes the rapid transport of water under different solar incidence angles as the sun rotates as well as overcomes the structural shrinkage of the hydrogel caused by insufficient water supply.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHybrid polysaccharide film infused with polyoxometalates for inkless printing and solar ultraviolet sensing.
Int J Biol Macromol
January 2025
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast University, Jiangning District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211189, PR China. Electronic address:
Inkless paper made from photochromic materials has garnered significant interest owing to its potential to reduce both ink and paper pollution during production. In this research, we synthesized a dual-material film (EC-PVP/PGMEA/PMoA) and conducted a detailed investigation of its photochromic response to visible light and its microstructural properties. Initially, the film appeared as a translucent yellow, but upon exposure to visible light, it shifted to blue with a maximum absorption peak of 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMultimaterial cryogenic printing of three-dimensional soft hydrogel machines.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Robotics Institute and State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Hydrogel-based soft machines are promising in diverse applications, such as biomedical electronics and soft robotics. However, current fabrication techniques generally struggle to construct multimaterial three-dimensional hydrogel architectures for soft machines and robots, owing to the inherent hydrogel softness from the low-density polymer network nature. Herein, we present a multimaterial cryogenic printing (MCP) technique that can fabricate sophisticated soft hydrogel machines with accurate yet complex architectures and robust multimaterial interfaces.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTattooing: immediate and long-term adverse reactions and complications.
Arh Hig Rada Toksikol
December 2024
1University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Haematology, Zagreb, Croatia.
Tattooing has become a popular global trend in industrialised countries, with the highest prevalence rates of up to 30-40 % in the adult population younger than 40 years. Common tattoo inks may contain heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and primary aromatic amines, toxic if exceeding permissible limits. It is estimated that about 14.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvolution of Gas Desorption Hysteresis in Coal under Negative-Pressure Condition: Attenuation Mechanism and an Intuitive Index.
Langmuir
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Prevention and Control, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China.
Quantifying the extent of desorption hysteresis is essential for establishing gas flow models. However, existing indices fail to adequately represent the changes in the actively mobile gas volume involved in transport, and experiments on the degree of hysteresis in negative-pressure environments are scarce. Therefore, this study conducted isothermal adsorption and desorption tests under both atmospheric- and negative-pressure conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!