Viral vectors have a wide range of applications in biology, particularly in gene therapy. Based on their integration capacity, viral vectors are classified as either integrating or non-integrating vectors. Although integrating vectors, such as lentivectors, have the ability to direct prolonged expression of exogenous genes, manipulation of the host genome is an inappropriate feature of these gene delivery tools. Non-integrating vectors, such as episomal replicating plasmids, can replicate and persist in host cells for long periods without any chromosomal interruption. These advantages made them good tools for gene induction purposes in gene therapy and basic studies. Due to the necessity of gene induction in stem cells for study of mammalian development and targeted differentiation, the use of integrating vectors for prolonged expression of genes of interest has been developed. Application of replicating plasmids can overcome some drawbacks associated with integrating vectors, although replication and maintenance of these plasmids can differ between cell types. Previously, it has been shown that such plasmids can be maintained in human embryonic stem cells for more than one month, but the rate of the plasmid replication during the host cell cycle has not been elucidated. In the present study, we showed that an EBV-based plasmid can replicate simultaneously with host in pluripotent and multipotent human and mouse stem cells and can be sustained for long time periods in dividing cells.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/btpr.2153 | DOI Listing |
Mol Biol Rep
January 2025
Pediatric Cell, and Gene Therapy Research Center Gene, Cell and Tissue Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Bone serves as a fundamental structural component in the body, playing pivotal roles in support, protection, mineral supply, and hormonal regulation. However, critical-sized bone injuries have become increasingly prevalent, necessitating extensive medical interventions due to limitations in the body's capacity for self-repair. Traditional approaches, such as autografts, allografts, and xenografts, have yielded unsatisfactory results.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInflamm Res
January 2025
Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China.
Background: Chronic inflammation is well recognized as a key factor related to renal function deterioration in patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play an important role in amplifying inflammation. With respect to NET-related genes, the aim of this study was to explore the mechanism of DKD progression and therefore identify potential intervention targets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenes Dev
December 2024
Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5T 3H7, Canada;
The nucleolus is a major subnuclear compartment where ribosomal DNA (rDNA) is transcribed and ribosomes are assembled. In addition, recent studies have shown that the nucleolus is a dynamic organizer of chromatin architecture that modulates developmental gene expression. rDNA gene units are assembled into arrays located in the p-arms of five human acrocentric chromosomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Cell Mol Med
January 2025
Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived natural killer (NK) cells offer an opportunity for a standardized, off-the-shelf treatment with the potential to treat a wider population of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients than the current standard of care. FT538 iPSC-NKs express a high-affinity, noncleavable CD16 to maximize antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity, a CD38 knockout to improve metabolic fitness, and an IL-15/IL-15 receptor fusion preventing the need for cytokine administration, the main source of adverse effects in NK cell-based therapies. Here, we sought to evaluate the potential of FT538 iPSC-NKs as a therapy for AML through their effect on AML cell lines and primary AML cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Cosmet Dermatol
January 2025
Clinical Research Center of the Carolinas, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.
Background: Exosomes are extracellular vesicles, composed of a phospholipid bilayer, that are primarily derived from stem cells. The contents of exosomes can be incorporated into the tissue in which they are introduced, which presents a unique therapeutic option.
Aims: Exosomes have been investigated as a treatment for a number of medical ailments, but the literature supporting these indications is inconclusive.
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