The sequence divergence in cytochrome C oxidase I gene of Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito and its comparison with four other Culex species. | LitMetric
The genetic diversity of Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito based on the standard barcode region of cytochrome C oxidase I (COI) gene fragment was studied in the present study. The COI gene sequences of Cx. quinquefasciatus were also compared with four other species of Genus Culex (i.e. Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, Cx. fuscocephala, Cx. pipiens, and Cx. theileri). Our data set included sequences of Culex mosquitoes from 16 different countries of world. The average intraspecific and interspecific divergences recorded were 0.67% and 8.27%, respectively. The clades for five species were clearly separated except Cx. quinquefasciatus and Cx. pipiens. It is concluded that the DNA barcoding is effective and reliable tool for the identification of selected Culex species but create little problem in case of sister species.
5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is an essential compound in the biosynthesis of heme, playing a critical role in various physiological processes within the human body. This review provides the thorough analysis of the latest research on the molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic benefits of 5-ALA in managing metabolic disorders. The ability of 5-ALA to influence immune response and inflammation, oxidative/nitrosative stress, antioxidant system, mitochondrial functions, as well as carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, is mediated by molecular mechanisms associated with the suppression of the transcription factor NF-κB signaling pathway, activation of the transcription factor Nrf2/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) system leading to the formation of heme-derived reaction products (carbon monoxide, ferrous iron, biliverdin, and bilirubin), which may contribute to HO-1-dependent cytoprotection through antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects.
In this survey, 14 populations of were collected from the rhizosphere of eight fruit and nut trees in Fars province, Southern Iran. The phylogenetic relationships of these populations with other representatives of the species were investigated using sequences of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 mitochondrial gene () and D2-D3 expansion fragments of 28S rDNA. Phylogenetic studies indicated a close relationship of the currently sequenced populations with known haplotype groups (HG) in the tree and revealed two separate lineages in the 28S rDNA tree.
Background And Objectives: Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) syndrome is a maternally inherited mitochondrial disorder that mostly affects the central nervous system and skeletal muscle. This study provides a comprehensive summary of the clinical symptoms, multisystemic pathogenesis, and genetic characteristics of MELAS syndrome. The aim was to improve comprehension of clinical practice and gain a deeper understanding of the latest pathophysiological theories.
Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is an environmental hazard well known for its neurotoxicity. In mammalian cells, HS is predominantly generated by transsulfuration pathway enzymes. In addition, HS produced by gut microbiome significantly contributes to the total sulfide burden in the body.
Varroa species, commonly known as the honey bee mites, poses a significant challenge to the worldwide beekeeping industry. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of haplotype variation on morphology of Varroa destructor. Forty-one apiaries across Bingol province (Türkiye) and its districts were visited using random sampling to examine 2440 honey bee colonies.
