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The guided fire from within: intratumoral administration of mRNA-based vaccines to mobilize memory immunity and direct immune responses against pathogen to target solid tumors.
Cell Discov
January 2025
School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.
We investigated a novel cancer immunotherapy strategy that effectively suppresses tumor growth in multiple solid tumor models and significantly extends the lifespan of tumor-bearing mice by introducing pathogen antigens into tumors via mRNA-lipid nanoparticles. The pre-existing immunity against the pathogen antigen can significantly enhance the efficacy of this approach. In mice previously immunized with BNT162b2, an mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccine encoding the spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, intratumoral injections of the same vaccine efficiently tagged the tumor cells with mRNA-expressed spike protein.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmunogenicity of Short-Course, High-Dose Hepatitis B Vaccination in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease - Shanxi Province, China, 2019-2020.
China CDC Wkly
December 2024
School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, China.
What Is Already Known About This Topic?: As one of the populations at high risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) require rapid and effective development of hepatitis B surface antibodies (anti-HBs).
What Is Added By This Report?: The short-course, high-dose regimen of hepatitis B vaccination rapidly induced comparable immunological responses to the routine regimen, achieving a seroconversion rate of 88.5%, a high-response rate of 64.
A Cell-Based Electrochemical Biosensor for the Detection of Infectious Hepatitis A Virus.
Biosensors (Basel)
November 2024
Nano Electrochemistry Laboratory, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
Hepatitis A virus (HAV), a major cause of acute liver infections, is transmitted through the fecal-oral route and close contact with infected individuals. Current HAV standardized methods rely on the detection of virus antigen or RNA, which do not differentiate between infectious and non-infectious HAV. The objective of this study was to develop a prototype cell-based electrochemical biosensor for detection of infectious HAV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMyositis/myasthenia gravis caused by immune checkpoint inhibition: A report of two cases and a brief review of the literature.
Med Int (Lond)
December 2024
Department of Neurology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer therapy by enhancing the ability of the immune system to combat malignancies. Nivolumab and cemiplimab, monoclonal antibodies targeting programmed cell death protein 1, have exhibited notable therapeutic efficacy; however, they are associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs). The present study describes the cases of 2 patients, a 71-year-old male with metastatic esophageal adenocarcinoma and a 66-year-old female with metastatic squamous cell carcinoma who developed acute/subacute onset rapidly progressive myositis/myasthenia gravis (MG) following treatment with nivolumab and cemiplimab.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvolutionary medicine emerged in the late twentieth century, integrating principles of natural selection and adaptation with the health sciences. Today, with a rapidly widening gap between the biology of and its environment, maladaptation or maladaptive disorders can be detected in almost all diseases, including liver dysfunction. However, in hepatology, as in most medical specialties, evolutionary considerations are neglected because the majority of the medical community is not familiar with evolutionary principles.
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