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Role of Genetics and Epigenetics in Mucosal, Uveal, and Cutaneous Melanomagenesis. | LitMetric

Role of Genetics and Epigenetics in Mucosal, Uveal, and Cutaneous Melanomagenesis.

Anticancer Agents Med Chem

Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Azienda Policlinico Universitario G. Martino, Torre Biologica, 4° piano, via Consolare Valeria, 1, 98125, Messina, Italy.

Published: December 2016

AI Article Synopsis

Article Abstract

Melanoma prevalently occurs on parts of the body that have been overexposed to the sun. However, it can also originate in the nervous system, eye and mucous membranes. Melanoma has been thought for a long time to arise through a series of genetic mechanisms involving numerous irreversible changes within the human genome. However, recently, "epimutations" have attracted considerable attention owing to their high prevalence rate and reversible nature. These observations opened up new perspectives in the use of epidrugs with the potential for restoring the "correct" control of neoplastic genomes. Here, we focused on the common consensus on genetics and epigenetics in melanoma. We also discussed the clinical applications of regulators of epigenetic enzymes able to revert the epigenetic and metabolic hallmarks of melanoma cells. Such anti-neoplastic agents affect the expression profile of antioncogenes, proto-oncogenes, and microRNAs resulting in enhanced differentiation, apoptosis, and growth inhibition.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871520615666150803124139DOI Listing

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