Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Among Navy Health Care Personnel Following Combat Deployment.

U.S. Navy health care personnel are exposed to an array of psychological stressors during combat deployment. This study compared rates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among Navy health care personnel with nonhealth care personnel following single and repeated combat deployments. The study sample was identified from electronic records indicating deployment to Iraq, Kuwait, or Afghanistan, and included 3,416 heath care and 4,648 nonhealth care personnel. Health care personnel had higher PTSD rates and an increasing trend in PTSD rates across repeated deployments. After adjusting for combat exposure and other covariates, health care compared with nonhealth care personnel were more likely to be diagnosed with PTSD after one (odds ratio [OR] 2.02; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.45-2.80), two (OR 2.27; 95% CI 1.26-4.08), and three deployments (OR 4.37; 95% CI 1.25-15.28). Exposure to wounded/dead friendly forces was associated with higher PTSD rates in health care personnel (OR 1.53; 95% CI 1.13-2.07). Health care personnel occupy a unique and essential role in current wartime operations, and are a high-risk group for PTSD. These findings suggest that further research is needed on the effects of caregiver stress, and refinements to postdeployment screening for health care personnel should be pursued.