We report on a human immunodeficiency virus-infected man undergoing urgent anorectal surgery, with multi-centimeter fungating masses discovered inside the anus. Initial pathology was inconclusive. After the patient developed a disseminated rash postoperatively determined to be secondary syphilis, the anorectal pathology was reviewed and Treponema pallidum DNA was amplified by polymerase chain reaction from the mass.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4512143PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofv094DOI Listing

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