It remains unclear whether lineages of influenza A(H3N2) virus can persist in the tropics and seed temperate areas. We used viral gene sequence data sampled from Peru to test this source-sink model for a Latin American country. Viruses were obtained during 2010-2012 from influenza surveillance cohorts in Cusco, Tumbes, Puerto Maldonado, and Lima. Specimens positive for influenza A(H3N2) virus were randomly selected and underwent hemagglutinin sequencing and phylogeographic analyses. Analysis of 389 hemagglutinin sequences from Peru and 2,192 global sequences demonstrated interseasonal extinction of Peruvian lineages. Extensive mixing occurred with global clades, but some spatial structure was observed at all sites; this structure was weakest in Lima and Puerto Maldonado, indicating that these locations may experience greater viral traffic. The broad diversity and co-circulation of many simultaneous lineages of H3N2 virus in Peru suggests that this country should not be overlooked as a potential source for novel pandemic strains.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2108.150084 | DOI Listing |
Virus Evol
November 2024
Center for Viral Surveillance and Serological Assessment (CeVIVAS), Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, Butantã, São Paulo, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil.
Influenza A and B viruses represent significant global health threats, contributing substantially to morbidity and mortality rates. However, a comprehensive understanding of the molecular epidemiology of these viruses in Brazil, a continental-size country and a crucial hub for the entry, circulation, and dissemination of influenza viruses within South America, still needs to be improved. This study addresses this gap by consolidating data and samples across all Brazilian macroregions, as part of the Center for Viral Surveillance and Serological Assessment project, together with an extensive number of other Brazilian sequences provided by a public database during the epidemic seasons spanning 2021-23.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Seqirus S.r.l., Monteriggioni (Siena), Italy.
Objective: In Europe, the age indication for the MF59-adjuvanted quadrivalent influenza vaccine (aQIV) has recently been extended from ≥65 to ≥50 years. Considering that the earliest approval of its trivalent formulation (aTIV) in Italy was for people aged ≥12 years, we aimed to systematically appraise data on the immunogenicity, efficacy, and safety of aTIV/aQIV in non-elderly adults.
Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted according to the available guidelines and studies were searched in MEDLINE, Biological Abstracts, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and clinical trial registries.
Nat Commun
January 2025
School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
East, South, and Southeast Asia (together referred to as Southeastern Asia hereafter) have been recognized as critical areas fuelling the global circulation of seasonal influenza. However, the seasonal influenza migration network within Southeastern Asia remains unclear, including how pandemic-related disruptions altered this network. We leveraged genetic, epidemiological, and airline travel data between 2007-2023 to characterise the dispersal patterns of influenza A/H3N2 and B/Victoria viruses both out of and within Southeastern Asia, including during perturbations by the 2009 A/H1N1 and COVID-19 pandemics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVaccines (Basel)
November 2024
FSBSI 'Institute of Experimental Medicine', 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia.
Background/objectives: Humoral immunity directed against neuraminidase (NA) of the influenza virus may soften the severity of infection caused by new antigenic variants of the influenza viruses. Evaluation of NA-inhibiting (NI) antibodies in combination with antibodies to hemagglutinin (HA) may enhance research on the antibody response to influenza vaccines.
Methods: The study examined 64 pairs of serum samples from patients vaccinated with seasonal inactivated trivalent influenza vaccines (IIVs) in 2018 according to the formula recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the 2018-2019 flu season.
Antioxidants (Basel)
December 2024
Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", 188300 Gatchina, Russia.
Viral infections and many other dangerous diseases are accompanied by the development of oxidative stress, which is a consequence of an increase in the level of the reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this regard, the search for effective antioxidants remains highly relevant. We tested fullerenol C(OH) in the context of the connection between its self-assembly in aqueous solutions and cell culture media, antiradical activity, UV cytoprotective action, and antiviral activity against international reference strains of influenza virus A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2), and B subtypes in vitro on the MDCK cell line.
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