Background: Community-acquired methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MSSA) is responsible for the majority of skin and soft-tissue infections. CA-MSSA can also cause life-threatening infections, possibly in relation to particular virulence factors, including Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL).
Methods: We describe a severe CA-MSSA necrotizing pneumonia complicated with multifocal osteomyelitis, pericardial effusion and endocarditis in a 6-year-old boy admitted to a Mozambican hospital. Staphylococcus aureus isolation and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed by conventional microbiology. Additionally, microarray assay was used for molecular characterization.
Results: Blood culture confirmed the presence of S. aureus susceptible to most antimicrobial agents, including methicillin. Molecular characterization confirmed the presence of PVL, together with alpha and beta haemolysin genes.
Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of disseminated CA-MSSA disease with confirmed PVL exotoxin in sub-Saharan Africa. PVL-positive CA-MSSA should be considered in the differential diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia, making laboratory testing a higher priority.
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