Objective: Niclosamide has shown activity against ovarian cancer in vitro; however, it has low bioavailability in vivo. Therefore, we investigated the cytotoxicity of niclosamide analogs in combination with carboplatin against ovarian cancer patient ascites cells and tissue slices.
Materials/methods: Tumorspheres were isolated from ascites collected from patients undergoing ovarian cancer surgery and plated at 10,000 cells per 50 μL into low attachment plates. Tumor slices were also processed at the time of surgery. These were treated concurrently with niclosamide or analogs (0.1-5 μM) and carboplatin (5-150 μM). At 48 hours, cell viability was assessed with ATPlite assay. Western blotting was used to determine expression of Wnt/β-catenin proteins in ascites cells.
Results: Cytotoxicity of niclosamide and its analogs in combination with carboplatin was demonstrated in 24 patient ascites samples. Increased cytotoxicity was seen with 2 analogs in 23 patient ascites samples when compared with niclosamide. Similar cytotoxicity was produced in an ex vivo tumor slice model. Western blot analysis showed decreased expression of Wnt/β-catenin proteins with niclosamide and analog treatment in a dose-dependent fashion.
Conclusions: The niclosamide-like analogs produced cytotoxicity both alone and in combination with carboplatin against tumorspheres from patient ascites and slices from solid tumor samples. Tumor slices showed similar cytotoxicity to matched ascites samples. Western blots showed down-regulation of Wnt pathway-associated proteins in patient samples treated with niclosamide analogs. These results suggest that more soluble niclosamide analogs may be useful for the treatment of ovarian cancer in combination with chemotherapy.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/IGC.0000000000000506 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
August 2024
Health Radiation Research Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, P.O. Box 29, Nasr City Cairo, Egypt.
A group of Niclosamide-linked isatin hybrids (Xo, X1, and X2) was created and examined using IR, HNMR, C NMR, and mass spectrometry. These hybrids' cytotoxicity, antioxidant, cell cycle analysis, and apoptosis-inducing capabilities were identified. Using the SRB assay, their cytotoxicity against the human HCT-116, MCF-7, and HEPG-2 cancer cell lines, as well as VERO (African Green Monkey Kidney), was evaluated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiochim Biophys Acta Bioenerg
November 2024
Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia. Electronic address:
Mitochondrial uncoupling by small-molecule protonophores is generally accepted to proceed via transmembrane proton shuttling. The idea of facilitating this process by the adenine nucleotide translocase ANT originated primarily from the partial reversal of the DNP-induced mitochondrial uncoupling by the ANT inhibitor carboxyatractyloside (CATR). Recently, the sensitivity to CATR was also observed for the action of such potent OxPhos uncouplers as BAM15, SF6847, FCCP and niclosamide.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
May 2024
Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany.
Human mycoses cover a diverse field of fungal diseases from skin disorders to systemic invasive infections and pose an increasing global health problem based on ineffective treatment options, the hampered development of new efficient drugs, and the emergence of resistant fungal strains. Niclosamide is currently applied for the treatment of worm infections. Its mechanisms of action, which include the suppression of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (also known as mitochondrial uncoupling), among others, has led to a repurposing of this promising anthelmintic drug for the therapy of further human diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and microbial infections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFEBS Open Bio
July 2024
Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
There has been renewed interest in using mitochondrial uncoupler compounds such as niclosamide and carbonyl cyanide p-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone (FCCP) for the treatment of obesity, hepatosteatosis and diseases where oxidative stress plays a role. However, both FCCP and niclosamide have undesirable effects that are not due to mitochondrial uncoupling, such as inhibition of mitochondrial oxygen consumption by FCCP and induction of DNA damage by niclosamide. Through structure-activity analysis, we identified FCCP analogues that do not inhibit mitochondrial oxygen consumption but still provided good, although less potent, uncoupling activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemMedChem
August 2024
Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
Multicomponent therapy combining antibiotics with enhancer molecules known as adjuvants is an emerging strategy to combat antimicrobial resistance. Niclosamide is a clinically relevant anthelmintic drug with potential to be repurposed for its inherent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and its ability to potentiate the antibacterial activity of colistin against susceptible and resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Herein, sulfonamide analogs of niclosamide were prepared and found to enhance colistin activity against Gram-negative bacteria.
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