Although Kramers' theory for diffusive barrier crossing on a 1D free energy profile plays a central role in landscape theory for complex biomolecular processes, it has not yet been rigorously tested by experiment. Here we test this 1D diffusion scenario with single molecule fluorescence measurements of DNA hairpin folding. We find an upper bound of 2.5 μs for the average transition path time, consistent with the predictions by theory with parameters determined from optical tweezer measurements.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6252093 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.018101 | DOI Listing |
Issue: The digital transformation of the U.S. health care system is underway, but the role of health care chief information officers (HCIOs) in that transformation has been unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIndian J Psychiatry
December 2024
Department of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Satellite Centre, Sangrur, Punjab, India.
Background: Stigma against persons living with substance use disorders (PLSUD) fosters social and health inequities.
Aim: We aimed to map different populations targeted by antistigma interventions, analyze specific characteristics of these interventions, and identify and categorize the theoretical frameworks used in these interventions.
Methods: We examined randomized controlled trials and quasi or pre-experimental studies targeting stigma against PLSUD.
EPJ Quantum Technol
January 2025
Department of Media, Aalto University School of Arts, Design and Architecture, Espoo, Finland.
In this research article, we survey existing quantum physics-related games and, based on this survey, propose a definition for the concept of quantum games. We define a quantum game as any type of rule-based game that either employs the principles of quantum physics or references quantum phenomena or the theory of quantum physics through any of three proposed dimensions: the perceivable dimension of quantum physics, the dimension of quantum technologies, and the dimension of scientific purposes, such as citizen science or education. We also discuss the concept of quantum computer games, which are games on quantum computers, as well as definitions for the concept of science games.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBr J Sociol
January 2025
AAU Business School, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
What is the relationship between legitimation and institutionalization? We take a fresh look at a more complex and nuanced landscape than has previously been documented. Our approach is to view legitimation and institutionalization as separate, though related, processes. We engage in theory building to develop a typology suggesting four different ways in which the social construction of reality can be achieved: instantiating (mutual causal emergence, coming into being), realizing (legitimating toward institutionalization), aspiring (legitimating from institutionalization) and missing (mutual causal suppression, unrealized potential).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPatient Educ Couns
January 2025
Department of Communication, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, USA. Electronic address:
Objective: We conducted a systematic scoping review to characterize the landscape of communication scholarship within racial health equity in and through the patient-provider interaction.
Methods: We employed three waves of data collection to identify relevant articles (N = 454) about racial equity within provider-patient interactions. We iteratively developed a codebook concerning article characteristics, coding for journal names, data source, descriptive characteristics for the study samples, and presence of theory and equity in sections of the manuscripts.
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