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Aberrant auditory prediction patterns robustly characterize tinnitus.
Elife
December 2024
Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience and Department of Psychology, Paris-Lodron-University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
Phantom perceptions like tinnitus occur without any identifiable environmental or bodily source. The mechanisms and key drivers behind tinnitus are poorly understood. The dominant framework, suggesting that tinnitus results from neural hyperactivity in the auditory pathway following hearing damage, has been difficult to investigate in humans and has reached explanatory limits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThere remains a scarcity of studies to evaluate the treatment effect of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) offers a cost-effective method to measure cerebral hemodynamics. This study used fNIRS to evaluate the effect of ECT in patients suffering from schizophrenia or bipolar disorder (manic phase).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Target-Defining Attributes Can Determine the Effects of Attentional Control Settings in Singleton Search Mode.
Behav Sci (Basel)
January 2025
Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China.
The attentional control settings (ACSs) can help us efficiently select targets in complex real-world environments. Previous research has shown that category-specific ACS demands more attentional resources than feature-specific ACS. However, comparing natural or alphanumeric categories with color features does not distinguish the effects of processing hierarchy and target-defining properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Bio-Inspired Visual Neural Model for Robustly and Steadily Detecting Motion Directions of Translating Objects Against Variable Contrast in the Figure-Ground and Noise Interference.
Biomimetics (Basel)
January 2025
College of Information Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China.
(1) Background: At present, the bio-inspired visual neural models have made significant achievements in detecting the motion direction of the translating object. Variable contrast in the figure-ground and environmental noise interference, however, have a strong influence on the existing model. The responses of the lobula plate tangential cell (LPTC) neurons of Drosophila are robust and stable in the face of variable contrast in the figure-ground and environmental noise interference, which provides an excellent paradigm for addressing these challenges.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElusive Gains of Cognitive Training: Limited Effects on Neural Activity Across Sessions.
Brain Sci
December 2024
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Background/objectives: Cognitive training paradigms rely on the idea that consistent practice can drive neural plasticity, improving not only connectivity within critical brain networks, but also ultimately result in overall enhancement of trained cognitive functions, irrespective of the specific task. Here we opted to investigate the temporal dynamics of neural activity and cognitive performance during a structured cognitive training program.
Methods: A group of 20 middle-aged participants completed 20 training sessions over 10 weeks.
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