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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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When an innovative product (innovator) is not covered anymore by intellectual property rights, cheaper equivalent medicinal products (generic products) may be marketed and used in clinical practice. The regulation of generic products is well-established, and is primarily based on standard rules for quality, therapeutic equivalence requirements (the latter in most instances proven through a bioequivalence study), and safety data for the innovator. The extensive experience from bringing generic products to the market over the last decades allows the conclusion that they are well-accepted and provide a useful alternative option for cost-effective pharmacotherapy. While supporting this conclusion, there are a number of issues to be considered during the assessment of a generic product application. Six scenarios are described in total, from an efficacy and a safety perspective, where potential concerns with the current regulatory standards could arise in the approval of generic products. We also propose solutions to these scenarios in order to foster debate on these issues.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4475802 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3797/scipharm.1312-10 | DOI Listing |
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
December 2024
Jihua Hengye Electronic Materials Co. Ltd., Foshan, Guangdong Province 528200, P. R. China.
Charge generation layers (CGLs) play crucial roles in determining the electroluminescence (EL) performance of tandem organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). However, acquiring negligible voltage drops across the CGL unit and high-efficiency multiplications remains challenging. Here, we propose barrier-free strategies to compose a high-performance p-i-n type CGL intermediate by introducing a Yb/HI-9 modification at the heterojunction and a novel n-dopant, Yb:1,3-bis(9-phenyl-1,10-phenanthrolin-2-yl)benzene (mdPPhen), as the n-CGL.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInorg Chem
December 2024
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China.
In semiconductor catalysts, rational doping of nonmetallic elements holds significant scientific and technological importance for enhancing photocatalytic performance. Here, using a one-step hydrothermal technique, we synthesized iodine-doped BiOCl composite and evaluated the impact of iodine doping on its photocatalytic capability for organic dye degradation under visible light irradiation. In this study, we demonstrate that the introduction of iodide ions not only provides an ideal built-in electric field (BIEF) for BiOCl but also induces the generation of additional oxygen vacancies (OVs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInorg Chem
December 2024
State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources; College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, Xinjiang, PR China.
Piezoelectric catalytic production of HO is a novel and environmentally friendly HO production method, and many piezoelectric catalysts are currently being developed. However, all of them have the disadvantages of precious metals as cocatalysts and low catalytic efficiency. Herein, CaTiO was successfully prepared and loaded with the nonprecious metal CoP (CoP/CaTiO) for piezoelectric catalytic production of HO.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Nano
December 2024
School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore.
Induction of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in plants to control bacterial diseases has become an effective solution to the problems of agrochemical resistance and ecological environment damage caused by long-term and large-scale use of traditional bactericides. However, current SAR-inducing compounds are often unable to rapidly eliminate pathogenic bacteria in infected plant tissues to prevent further spread of the disease, severely restraining the potential for extensive application in agriculture. Herein, we address the limitations by developing a series of visible-light-absorbing aggregation-induced emission photosensitizers suitable for agricultural use.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Acad Orthop Surg Glob Res Rev
December 2024
From the Connecticut Orthopaedics, Fairfield, CT (Dr. Bernstein); the Epidemiology and Real-World Data Sciences, Johnson & Johnson MedTech, New Brunswick, NJ (Dr. Gupta and Ruppenkamp); the Global Health Economics and Market Access, Johnson & Johnson MedTech, Raynham, MA (Dr. Kabiri and Goldstein); and the Medical Affairs, Johnson & Johnson MedTech, Palm Beach Gardens, FL (Dr. Diaz).
Background: Computer-assisted fluoroscopic navigation and robotic technologies aim to optimize implant placement and alignment in primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) to improve patient outcomes. This study uses a retrospective hospital billing database covering 1,300 hospitals to compare the clinical and economic effect of these technologies.
Methods: The study compared patients undergoing THA with robotic versus computer-assisted fluoroscopic navigation technologies between January 1, 2016, and September 30, 2021, using the Premier Healthcare Database.
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