Synchronous primary endometrial and ovarian cancers: a multicenter review of 63 cases.

Aims: To investigate clinicopathologic characteristics, therapeutic methods, and prognostic factors in women with synchronous primary endometrial and ovarian cancers (SEOCs).

Methods: A retrospective review of 2 cancer registry databases in Turkey was conducted to identify patients diagnosed with SEOCs between January 1995 and December 2012. Patients with recurrent, metastatic, and metachronously occurring tumors were excluded. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify prognostic predictors for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).

Results: The analysis included 63 women with SEOCs. Seventy-six percent of the patients had stage I endometrial cancer, and 60% of the patients had stage I ovarian cancer. Thirty-seven patients (58.7%) had endometrioid/endometrioid histology. Optimal cytoreduction was obtained in 47 (74.6%) patients. Recurrence developed in 17 patients (27%). Multivariate analysis confirmed lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) as an independent poor prognostic factor for OS (odds ratio [OR] 3.1, p = 0.045), whereas early-stage disease and optimal cytoreduction were found to be independent good prognostic factors for both PFS (OR 12.85, p<0.001 and OR 4.58, p = 0.004, respectively) and OS (OR 7.31, p = 0.002 and OR 2.95, p = 0.028, respectively). The 3- and 5-year OS rates were 74% and 69%, respectively.

Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that optimal cytoreduction, early-stage disease, and LVSI are the most significant factors affecting survival in women with SEOC.