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Correlation of fecal microbiome dysregulation to synovial transcriptome in an equine model of obesity associated osteoarthritis.
Ann Transl Med
December 2024
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is increasingly thought to be a multifactorial disease in which sustained gut inflammation serves as a continued source of inflammatory mediators driving degenerative processes at distant sites such as joints. The objective of this study was to use the equine model of naturally occurring obesity associated OA to compare the fecal microbiome in OA and health and correlate those findings to differential gene expression synovial fluid (SF) cells, circulating leukocytes and cytokine levels (plasma, SF) towards improved understanding of the interplay between microbiome and immune transcriptome in OA pathophysiology.
Methods: Feces, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and SF cells were isolated from healthy skeletally mature horses (n=12; 6 males, 6 females) and those with OA (n=6, 2 females, 4 males).
Examining patient choice and provider competition under the National Health Insurance Fund outpatient cover in Kenya: does it enhance access and quality of care?
BMC Health Serv Res
December 2024
Department of Health Policy, Planning and Management, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
Background: While patient choice and provider competition are predicted to influence provider behaviour for enhancing access and quality of care, evidence on provider perceptions and response to patient choice and provider competition is largely missing in low-resource settings such as Kenya. We examined provider and purchaser perceptions about whether patient choice and provider competition influenced provider behaviour and enhanced access and quality of outpatient care in Kenya.
Methods: We conducted a qualitative study to explore this across two purposefully selected counties.
Validation of a simplified oral indicator for home care nurses to refer older people to dental care professionals.
Acta Odontol Scand
December 2024
Research Group Healthy Ageing, Allied Health Care and Nursing and FAITH Research, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Primary and Long-Term Care, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Objectives: This study aims to explore the identification of older people in need of dental consultation, with a Simplified Oral Indicator (SOI) used by home care nurses (HCNs) and with the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI-NL) completed by older people themselves, compared with the Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT-NL), performed by dental hygienists.
Methods: The HCNs completed SOI based on their professional view, knowledge and experience; scores red/orange/green were given to older people for oral health and oral hygiene. Older people completed the GOHAI-NL and dental hygienists completed the OHAT-NL.
Outdoor social distancing behaviors changed during a pandemic: A longitudinal analysis using street view imagery.
PLoS One
December 2024
Industrial & Systems Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America.
Social distancing, defined as maintaining a minimum interpersonal distance (often 6 ft or 1.83 m), is a non-pharmaceutical intervention to reduce infectious disease transmission. While numerous quantitative studies have examined people's social distancing behaviors using mobile phone data, large-scale quantitative analyses of adherence to suggested minimum interpersonal distances are lacking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMental health professionals' beliefs and attitudes towards compulsory admission in Athens: a token of social stigma or good faith in psychiatry?-a cross-sectional study.
BMC Psychiatry
December 2024
Department of Psychology, Panteion University of Social & Political Sciences, Athens, Greece.
Background: Mental health professionals' (MHPs) attitudes towards involuntary admissions have not received adequate attention in efforts to curb their rates. Thus, the present study set out to (i) explore MHP attitudes regarding involuntary hospitalisation, (ii) describe their perceived dangerousness of people with severe mental illness (SMI) and their trust in psychiatry, (iii) identify the predictors of attitudes towards compulsory admissions and (iv) gauge the contribution of perceived dangerousness versus trust in psychiatry to explaining them.
Methods: A random sample of 300 mental health professionals working in public mental health services located in the Northern part of Athens and in the two psychiatric hospitals of Attica participated in the study.
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