AI Article Synopsis
- c-di-GMP is a key bacterial messenger that helps form drug-resistant biofilms, and reducing its levels can disrupt these biofilms, presenting a potential treatment strategy.
- Dispersed biofilm cells show different physiological traits compared to standard biofilm or planktonic cells, which may be significant for understanding infections.
- The study introduces new in vitro and in vivo methods to generate and analyze these dispersed cells from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, allowing for the identification of biomarkers that could help in treating infections.
Article Abstract
Bis-(3'-5')-cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) is a global secondary bacterial messenger that controls the formation of drug-resistant multicellular biofilms. Lowering the intracellular c-di-GMP content can disperse biofilms, and it is proposed as a biofilm eradication strategy. However, freshly dispersed biofilm cells exhibit a physiology distinct from biofilm and planktonic cells, and they might have a clinically relevant role in infections. Here we present in vitro and in vivo protocols for the generation and characterization of dispersed cells from Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms by reducing the intracellular c-di-GMP content through modulation of phosphodiesterases (PDEs). Unlike conventional protocols that demonstrate biofilm dispersal by biomass quantification, our protocols enable physiological characterization of the dispersed cells. Biomarkers of dispersed cells are identified and quantified, serving as potential targets for treating the dispersed cells. The in vitro protocol can be completed within 4 d, whereas the in vivo protocol requires 7 d.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2015.067 | DOI Listing |
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