Phytoplasmas (class, Mollicutes) are insect-transmissible and plant-pathogenic bacteria that multiply intracellularly in both plants and insects through host switching. Our previous study revealed that phytoplasmal sigma factor rpoD of OY-M strain (rpoDOY) could be a key regulator of host switching, because the expression level of rpoDOY was higher in insect hosts than in plant hosts. In this study, we developed an in vitro transcription assay system to identify RpoDOY-dependent genes and the consensus promoter elements. The assay revealed that RpoDOY regulated some housekeeping, virulence, and host-phytoplasma interaction genes of OY-M strain. The upstream region of the transcription start sites of these genes contained conserved -35 and -10 promoter sequences, which were similar to the typical bacterial RpoD-dependent promoter elements, while the -35 promoter elements were variable. In addition, we searched putative RpoD-dependent genes based on these promoter elements on the whole genome sequence of phytoplasmas using in silico tools. The phytoplasmal RpoD seems to mediate the transcription of not only many housekeeping genes as the principal sigma factor, but also the virulence- and host-phytoplasma interaction-related genes exhibiting host-specific expression patterns. These results indicate that more complex mechanisms exist than previously thought regarding gene regulation enabling phytoplasmas to switch hosts.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4493692 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep11893 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Defense to in groundnut ( L.) is associated with vascular tissue compactness and expression of genes coding for pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins.
3 Biotech
February 2025
Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat 362001 India.
Unlabelled: is the causal agent of stem rot of many crops, a highly destructive disease of groundnut ( L). Based on evidence that many groundnut genotypes have an inherent ability to tolerate the pathogenicity of species, twenty-two genotypes of groundnut were screened against infection in sick plot field experiment; four genotypes, namely CS19, GG16, GG20 and TG37A, were selected as being the most tolerant, moderately tolerant, susceptible and highly susceptible to stem rot, respectively. Stem tissues (1cm from the collar region) from infected and healthy plants of four selected genotypes differing in susceptibility were examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIdentification of the SP gene family and transcription factor SlSP5G promotes the high-temperature tolerance of tomatoes.
Int J Biol Macromol
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China. Electronic address:
Some members of the SELF PRUNING (SP) gene family have been shown to play critical roles in developmental processes and stress responses across a wide range of plant species. The study identifies 13 members that can be divided into three subfamilies based on evolutionary analysis. Cis-Acting element analysis of the promoter regions indicated the presence of numerous stress- and hormone-responsive elements in the SlSP family.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFp53 mediated regulation of LINE1 retrotransposon derived R-loops.
J Biol Chem
January 2025
Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Berhampur, India. Electronic address:
Long Interspersed Nuclear Element 1 (LINE1/L1) retrotransposons, which comprise 17% of the human genome, typically remain inactive in healthy somatic cells but are reactivated in several cancers. We previously demonstrated that p53 silences L1 transposons in human somatic cells, potentially acting as a tumor-suppressive mechanism. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying p53-mediated repression of L1 and its life cycle intermediates remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFP300/RNA polymerase II mediates induction of the teleost viral RNA sensor MDA5 through the interferon regulatory factor IRF11.
J Biol Chem
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, College of Marine Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China. Electronic address:
Melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) initiates type I interferon (IFN) production by detecting cytosolic viral RNA. Mammalian MDA5 is an IFN-inducible gene and controlled by IFN regulatory factor 1 (IRF1). Teleost MDA5 also induces type I IFN production in response to viruses, yet its regulation remains largely unexplored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNon-canonical imprinting, manifesting as post-fertilization placenta-specific parent-of-origin dependent methylation, is not conserved in humans.
Hum Mol Genet
January 2025
Biomedical Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Earlham Road, Norwich NR4 6PN, United Kingdom.
Genomic imprinting is the parent-of-origin dependent monoallelic expression of genes often associated with regions of germline-derived DNA methylation that are maintained as differentially methylated regions (gDMRs) in somatic tissues. This form of epigenetic regulation is highly conserved in mammals and is thought to have co-evolved with placentation. Tissue-specific gDMRs have been identified in human placenta, suggesting that species-specific imprinting dependent on unorthodox epigenetic establishment or maintenance may be more widespread than previously anticipated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!