Background: This paper examines peer recruitment dynamics through respondent driven sampling (RDS) with a sample of injection drug users in Hartford, CT to understand the strategies participants use to recruit peers into a study and the extent to which these strategies may introduce risks above the ethical limit despite safeguards in RDS.
Methods: Out of 526 injection drug users who participated in a mixed-method RDS methodology evaluation study, a nested sample of 61 participants completed an in-depth semi-structured interview at a 2-month follow-up to explore their experiences with the recruitment process.
Results: Findings revealed that participants used a variety of strategies to recruit peers, ranging from one-time interactions to more persistent strategies to encourage participation (e.g., selecting peers that can easily be found and contacted later, following up with peers to remind them of their appointment, accompanying peers to the study site, etc.). Some participants described the more persistent strategies as helpful, while some others experienced these strategies as minor peer pressure, creating a feeling of obligation to participate. Narratives revealed that overall, the probability of experiencing study-related risks remains relatively low for most participants; however, a disconcerting finding was that higher study-related risks (e.g., relationship conflict, loss of relationship, physical fights, violence) were seen for recruits who participated but switched coupons or for recruits who decided not to participate in the study and did not return the coupon to the recruiter.
Conclusions: Findings indicate that peer recruitment practices in RDS generally pose minimal risk, but that peer recruitment may occasionally exceed the ethical limit, and that enhanced safeguards for studies using peer recruitment methods are recommended. Suggestions for possible enhancements are described.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2015.05.027 | DOI Listing |
Implement Sci
January 2025
University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90025, USA.
Background: Remaking Recess (RR) is a school-based evidence-based peer social engagement intervention for autistic students. RR involves direct training and coaching with educators; however, educators face several barriers to implementation at both the individual- and organizational-levels. This protocol paper describes a multi-site study that will test whether an educator-level implementation strategy, coaching, with or without a school-level implementation strategy, school-based teams, will maximize educators' use (fidelity and sustainment) of RR for autistic students and their peers who are socially-isolated, rejected, or peripheral and may need additional support during recess.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ Open
January 2025
Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, The Netherlands.
Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major burden on public health worldwide. To reduce adverse events and complications, effective T2DM self-management is required. Self-management and glycaemic control are generally poorer in lower educated people compared with higher educated people.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Institute for Biomedical Ethics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Introduction: 22q11 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) results from a microdeletion on chromosome 22 and is the most common microdeletion disorder in humans, affecting 1 in 2148 live births. Clinical manifestations vary widely among individuals and across different life stages. Effective management requires the involvement of a specialized multidisciplinary team.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Alzheimers Dis
January 2025
Department of Neurology, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
Disruption of circadian rest-activity rhythm (RAR) has been found in many neurological disorders. In this study, actigraphic data were collected and analyzed to identify the RAR pattern in the elderly with cerebral small vessel disease. 115 cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) cases were recruited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Vanderbilt Genetics Institute and Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Background: Studies suggest that approximately 60 to 70 percent of the variability observed in cognitive abilities during aging can be attributed to genetic factors. Therefore, investigating the longitudinal multiomics changes associated with alterations in cognitive measures, such as the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score, is of utmost importance.
Method: Longitudinal changes in gene and protein expression related to MMSE scores were examined in the Cameron County Hispanic Cohort (CCHC), an extensively phenotyped, randomly-recruited, cohort of Mexican Americans residing at the US-Mexico border.
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