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Strategies to innovate emergency care of status epilepticus.
Neurotherapeutics
December 2024
Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Brain Institute University of Virginia, School of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, Box 801330, Charlottesville, VA 22908-1330, USA. Electronic address:
Generalized Convulsive status epilepticus (SE) is a neurological emergency because prolonged convulsions can cause respiratory compromise and neuronal injury. Compromised GABA-mediated inhibition is a defining feature of SE, and many current therapies are benzodiazepines, which are allosteric modulators of GABA-A receptors. Many patients with medically refractory epilepsy are at risk for SE.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJapanese guidelines for treatment of pediatric status epilepticus - 2023.
Brain Dev
December 2024
Working Group for the Revision of Treatment Guidelines for Pediatric Status Epilepticus/Convulsive Status Epilepticus, Japanese Society of Child Neurology, Tokyo, Japan; Committee for Integration of Guidelines, Japanese Society of Child Neurology, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Child Neurology, Department of Brain and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- The 2015 updated definition of status epilepticus (SE) emphasizes the importance of early treatment, identifying key time points for diagnosis and management.
- Japan has revised its pediatric SE treatment guidelines, recommending buccal midazolam for pre-hospital and in-hospital treatment when intravenous access is not possible, while benzodiazepines are preferred when intravenous access is available.
- The updated guidelines note similarities in seizure cessation rates across different medications, highlight the need for further recommendations on nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE), and plan to explore the effects of NCSE treatment on children's outcomes in future editions.
Case Report: "Aggressive" perioperative antiseizure medication prophylaxis in patients with glioma-related epilepsy at high risk of early postoperative seizures following awake craniotomy.
Front Surg
January 2024
Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, United States.
Early postoperative seizures (EPS) are a common complication of brain tumor surgery. EPS can lead to hemorrhage, cerebral hypoxia, increased intracranial pressure, longer hospitalization, reduced quality of life, decreased overall survival, and increased morbidity. However, there are no formal guidelines on perioperative antiseizure medication (ASM) management in patients with tumor-related epilepsy who are deemed high risk for EPS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcute zoster-associated pain develops in most patients with herpes zoster. Nonopioid analgesics are usually used to treat acute zoster-associated pain but are frequently ineffective. We administered intravenous fosphenytoin, the prodrug of phenytoin, to patients with acute zoster-associated pain to examine its analgesic efficacy and safety.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStatus epilepticus in the ICU.
Intensive Care Med
January 2024
Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium.
Status epilepticus (SE) is a common medical emergency associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Management that follows published guidelines is best suited to improve outcomes, with the most severe cases frequently being managed in the intensive care unit (ICU). Diagnosis of convulsive SE can be made without electroencephalography (EEG), but EEG is required to reliably diagnose nonconvulsive SE.
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