Prosecutors play a crucial role in determining whether persons who are accused of intimate partner sexual assault (IPSA) will be sanctioned by the criminal justice system. Prosecutors have unconditional discretion at the initial charging stage because a case rejection decision is typically immune to review. Using qualitative data from 47 IPSA complaints that were referred to Los Angeles County or City prosecution in 2008, this study examines the factors that influence charging decisions. Findings suggest that prosecutors consider both legal and extralegal factors when making charging decisions and that various cultural, legal, and rape myths surrounding IPSA influence these decisions.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077801215591630 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
January 2025
Water Conservancy Project & Civil Engineering College, Tibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, 860000, China.
The paper addresses the economic operation optimization problem of photovoltaic charging-swapping-storage integrated stations (PCSSIS) in high-penetration distribution networks. It proposes a dual-layer optimization scheduling model for PCSSIS clusters and distribution network systems. Firstly, a master-slave game model is constructed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Radiol
January 2025
Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
Nat Commun
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, and School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
High intrinsic detection efficiency is as decisive as high energy resolution. Scaling up detector volume has presented great challenges, preventing perovskite semiconductors from reaching sufficient detection efficiency. We report a hole-only virtual-Frisch-grid CsPbBr detector up to 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Lipid Res
December 2024
Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Pau, (IR Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Spain. Electronic address:
Approximately 20% of ischemic strokes are attributed to the presence of atherosclerosis. Lipoproteins play a crucial role in the development of atherosclerosis, with LDL promoting atherogenesis and HDL inhibiting it. Therefore, both their concentrations and their biological properties are decisive factors in atherosclerotic processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeural Netw
December 2024
Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems, Tongji University, Shanghai 201210, PR China; Department of Control Science and Engineering, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, PR China; National Key Laboratory of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems, Shanghai, PR China; Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systems, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, PR China. Electronic address:
This paper investigates a distributed aggregative optimization problem subject to coupling affine inequality constraints, in which local objective functions depend not only on their own decision variables but also on an aggregation of all the agents' variables. The formulated problem encompasses numerous practical applications, such as commodity distribution, electric vehicle charging, and energy consumption control in power grids. Hence, there is a compelling need to explore a new neurodynamic approach to address this.
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